The concept of the solar system is called the sun and the bodies that revolve around it, which is 8 planets and the number of moons revolving around it is 210 moons, in addition to a large number of asteroids, comets and strange objects. In addition, the solar system contains large areas filled with cosmic dust and nebulae, and the sun is located in the center of the solar system, and it has a high gravity that can attract all the bodies around it.
It is worth noting that the solar system was discovered from ancient times, as some accounts say that the discovery of the solar system dates back to the French philosopher and mathematician Rene Descartes 1596-1650 AD.
The formation of the solar system
The solar system has received wide and exciting attention from astronomers, as it is believed that the main reason for the formation of rocky planets in the solar system is the accumulation of solid materials, as well as the explosion of gases from the sun in its outer edges, which is also a reason for the formation of gaseous planets in the solar system. The formation of the solar system took a very long time, estimated at about 100 million years.
Components and parts of the solar system
the sun
The sun makes up 99% of the mass of the solar system and is the largest body in the solar system. The sun is located in the center of the solar system and the planets revolve around it, and although the sun has a huge appearance, its size compared to the stars is small, as it is described as a dwarf star and a blazing hot ball.
planets
A planet is a opaque body that revolves around the sun or another star. There are 8 planets in the solar system.
dwarf planets
Pluto is one of the most famous dwarf planets. The asteroid Pluto has been included among the dwarf planets since its discovery in 1930 AD, and it is the 9th planet and the farthest planet from the sun. In 2006, it was classified as the largest dwarf planet in the solar system, and it consists of 70% rock and 30% ice, in addition to being the largest body in the Kuiper Belt region.
Other celestial bodies
asteroid belt
This belt is home to small bodies of varying size known as comets, which are remnants of the process of building planets in the inner and outer solar system. An asteroid on Earth.
The Kuiper Belt is the most mysterious region in the solar system and is located outside the orbit of Neptune, as it contains hundreds of thousands of rocky and icy bodies.
Solar system dust
It is the main reason for the formation of the solar system, which is minute particles, and very small meteorites, about 10 mm in size, formed as a result of mutual collision between planets.
Planets of the solar system
The solar system consists of 8 planets, which are in order according to their distance from the sun:
Mercury
This planet is one of the smallest planets in the solar system and the closest to the sun, it takes 59 earth days to revolve around itself, as for its revolution around the sun, it takes about 88 earth days, and Mercury does not have any moon, but it has a thin atmosphere and it contains oxygen, sodium and hydrogen. It also contains potassium and helium.
Venus
It is the second closest planet to the sun, and it takes 243 earth days to rotate around itself, while it takes about 225 earth days to orbit around the sun. Venus does not have rings and moons. This planet was once a twin planet of Earth, until scientists discovered its high surface temperature of 480 degrees Celsius, which is the melting point of lead. Venus also has a thick atmosphere that contains nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
planet earth
It is the planet of life, as water covers about 71% of its surface and the percentage of land on it is 29%. It revolves around itself once every earthly day, or about 24 hours, and once around the sun every earth year, that is, every 365 days, it has one moon, and no There are rings around the Earth, but many spacecraft and satellites revolve around it to secure communications, and the planet also contains nitrogen and oxygen in its atmosphere.
Mars
This planet is called “Earth’s twin”, due to the studies of scientists and astronauts, because liquid water appeared on Mars in the past, but a day on Mars is longer than a day on Earth, that is, longer than 24 Earth hours, and Mars takes about 687 days Mars has no rings, but it has two small moons, Phobos and Deimos.
Jupiter
This planet is one of the largest planets in the solar system, and is characterized by a high speed of rotation around itself; It revolves around itself once every 10 Earth hours, while it takes about 12 Earth years to revolve around the Sun. Jupiter has a thick atmosphere containing hydrogen and helium, and for its nuclei, it is roughly the size of Earth. Jupiter has a large red spot and some faint rings that can be seen with a telescope, in addition to having dozens of moons.
Saturn
It is famous for having seven well-defined and divided rings, in addition to the gaps between them, and it also has dozens of moons. As for its atmosphere, it contains hydrogen and helium gases. This planet rotates around itself at a very fast speed of up to 10.7 hours, while it takes 29 Earth years to revolve once around the sun.
Planet Uranus
It was discovered by William Herschel in 1781 AD, its rotation takes about 17 hours, while it takes 84 years to revolve around the sun, it contains water, methane, ammonia, hydrogen and helium that surround a rocky core and has dozens of moons, and it has a faint ring system.
Neptune
It is the eighth planet in terms of distance from the sun. Its atmosphere contains water, ammonia, methane, hydrogen and helium. As for its nucleus, it is estimated to be the size of Earth and has more than 12 moons, and 6 rings.