This was the counterpart displayed by the government at the tightening of compensation rules for the unemployed. The 2019 unemployment insurance reform, the most controversial measures of which came into force after many twists and turns in October and December 2021, provided for a bonus-malus system intended to combat the abuse of short contracts. After the planned observation period (from July 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022), it will begin to apply in September to employer contributions paid by certain companies.
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How is it calculated?
The principle consists of modulating the unemployment insurance contribution according to the “separation rate” of companies. Mean by this the number of end of contracts (CDD as CDI) – excluding resignations – or temporary assignments accompanied by registration with Pôle emploi, compared to the workforce of the company. The amount of the bonus or malus is then calculated by comparing this separation rate of the company to the median rate in its sector of activity.
What amount?
The normal contribution is now 4.05% of payroll. In the event of a penalty, it can rise for bad students up to 5.05%. In the event of a bonus, it can go down to 3% in order to reward good students.
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What limits?
Only companies with more than 11 employees in seven major sectors that consume a lot of short contracts are in principle concerned. This is the case, for example, of the food industry or waste management, as well as woodworking and the paper industry. Except that the covid-19 has been there. And for this first year of application, the companies most affected by the health crisis have benefited from a reprieve, in particular in the hotel and catering industry and transport. In the end, around 18,000 companies employing 1.3 million employees will see their contribution modified in September, according to figures from the Ministry of Labor revealed by Les Échos on Friday August 26, 2022 and confirmed to AFP. About 63% win and only 37% lose.
In any case, it is difficult to say whether the efforts of good student companies are due to the implementation of the bonus-malus or to recruitment difficulties which force them to be more attractive.