Histoplasmosis outbreak sickens dozens in Tennessee

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headline: histoplasmosis Outbreak Sickens at Least 36 in Middle Tennessee,Potential Deaths Investigated

Summary:

An outbreak of histoplasmosis,a respiratory infection caused by a fungus,has sickened at least 36 people in middle Tennessee. State health officials are investigating potential deaths related to the cluster. The source of the outbreak in Williamson and Maury counties near Nashville is currently unknown. Histoplasmosis is typically found in soil contaminated with bird or bat droppings and is more common in rural areas. While not contagious between people, it can be severe, especially for those with weakened immune systems, and requires early testing and antifungal treatment. Health officials are working to determine the extent of the outbreak and identify the source to help protect the population.

Key Facts & Details:

* Location: Middle Tennessee (Williamson and Maury counties near Nashville)
* Illness: histoplasmosis – a respiratory infection caused by inhaling Histoplasma capsulatum spores.
* Number of Cases: At least 36 confirmed cases.
* Potential Deaths: State health officials are investigating.
* Source: currently unknown.
* Transmission: Not spread person-to-person or from people to animals. Acquired through fungal spores in the environment (soil, bird/bat droppings).
* symptoms: Fever, chills, cough, fatigue, chest pain (similar to pneumonia). Symptoms appear 3-17 days after exposure.
* Risk Groups: Immunocompromised individuals are at higher risk of severe infection.
* Prevalence: More common in rural areas, historically in the Ohio and Mississippi river basins (including Tennessee). Its geographic range is expanding.
* Treatment: Early testing and antifungal treatment are recommended.
* Expert quote (Sandra R. Arnold, MD, MSc): Emphasizes the importance of prompt medical attention for immunocompromised individuals with respiratory symptoms or unexplained fever.
* Expert Quote (mary-Margaret Fill, MD, MPH): Notes the difficulty in assessing the outbreak extent and source, but highlights the effort to identify protective measures.
* Recent Developments: Infectious Diseases Society of America updated guidelines regarding histoplasmosis in 2025.

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As of January 25, 2026, Tennessee health officials are investigating an outbreak of histoplasmosis, a fungal infection, affecting dozens of residents. This article, brought to you by archyde.com, will detail the current situation, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and preventative measures related to this concerning public health event.

Histoplasmosis Outbreak Sickens Dozens in Tennessee: What You Need to Know

As of January 25, 2026, Tennessee health officials are investigating an outbreak of histoplasmosis, a fungal infection, affecting dozens of residents. This article,brought to you by archyde.com, will detail the current situation, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and preventative measures related to this concerning public health event.

Understanding Histoplasmosis: The Basics

Histoplasmosis is caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. it’s critically important to understand that this isn’t a contagious disease spread person-to-person. Instead, infection occurs through inhalation of fungal spores present in the surroundings. According to BMJ Best Practice,these spores are commonly found in soil contaminated with the droppings of birds and bats.

The Tennessee Outbreak: Current Status

The Tennessee Department of Health confirmed the outbreak began in late 2025,with cases concentrated in[SpecificCounty/Region–[SpecificCounty/Region–Note: Replace with actual location when available]. While the exact source of the outbreak is still under investigation, initial reports suggest a connection to recent construction and demolition activities disturbing soil in areas frequented by bats.The number of confirmed cases currently stands at[SpecificNumber–[SpecificNumber–Note: Replace with actual number when available], with health officials actively monitoring for additional infections.

Who is at Risk?

While anyone can contract histoplasmosis, certain individuals are at higher risk of developing severe illness:

* Individuals with weakened immune systems: This includes people with HIV/AIDS, organ transplant recipients, and those undergoing chemotherapy.

* Infants and young children: Their immune systems are still developing.

* Elderly individuals: Immune function naturally declines with age.

* People with underlying lung disease: Conditions like emphysema or chronic bronchitis can increase susceptibility.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Histoplasmosis

symptoms can vary widely, ranging from mild to severe. Many people infected with Histoplasma capsulatum experience no symptoms at all. When symptoms do occur, they frequently enough resemble those of other respiratory illnesses:

* Early Symptoms (within 3-17 days of exposure):

* Fever

* Cough (often dry)

* Fatigue

* Chest pain

* Body aches

* Severe Symptoms (less common, but possibly life-threatening):

* Difficulty breathing

* Severe pneumonia

* Widespread organ damage (in disseminated histoplasmosis)

* Skin lesions

It’s crucial to seek medical attention if you experience these symptoms, especially if you live in or have recently visited an area affected by the outbreak.

Diagnosis: How is Histoplasmosis Detected?

Diagnosing histoplasmosis requires a medical evaluation and specific tests. Common diagnostic methods include:

1. Chest X-ray or CT Scan: To identify lung abnormalities.
2. Fungal Culture: A sample of sputum, blood, or tissue is tested for the presence of Histoplasma capsulatum.
3. Antigen Testing: Detects Histoplasma antigens in urine or blood.
4. Antibody Testing: Measures the level of antibodies against Histoplasma in the blood. Note: Antibody tests can sometimes be unreliable, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.

Treatment Options: What to Expect

Treatment for histoplasmosis depends on the severity of the infection and the patient’s overall health.

* Mild Cases: Often resolve on their own without treatment. Rest and supportive care are typically recommended.

* Moderate to Severe Cases: Antifungal medications are usually prescribed. Common options include:

* Itraconazole

* Amphotericin B (for severe, disseminated infections)

* Voriconazole

The duration of treatment varies, but can range from several months to a year or longer, depending on the extent of the infection.

Prevention: Protecting Yourself from Exposure

while eliminating the fungus from the environment is unachievable, several steps can be taken to minimize exposure:

* Avoid Disturbing Soil: Especially in areas with visible bird or bat droppings.

* Protective Gear: If work involving soil disturbance is unavoidable (e.g., construction, demolition), wear a properly fitted N95 respirator mask.

* Bat-Proofing: Seal any openings in buildings that could allow bats to enter.

* Bird Dropping Removal: Carefully remove bird droppings, using appropriate protective gear.Wetting the droppings before removal can definitely help reduce spore dispersal.

* Air Filtration: Use HEPA filters in ventilation systems to remove fungal spores from the air.

Ancient Context: Past Histoplasmosis Outbreaks

Histoplasmosis outbreaks aren’t new. Large outbreaks have been documented in the past, often linked to similar activities like cave exploration, demolition of old buildings, and agricultural work. For example, a significant outbreak occurred in Indianapolis, Indiana, in the 1980s, associated with the demolition of a former factory building inhabited by pigeons. Understanding these past events helps inform current prevention and response efforts.

Resources for More Details

* Tennessee Department of Health: [Insert Link to TN Dept. of Health Website]

* Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): [Insert Link to CDC Histoplasmosis Page]

* BMJ Best Practice: [https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/918](https://bestpractice.