Guadeloupe: the flu epidemic is of unprecedented intensity since 2009

mesvaccins.net

Patrick GEROME, 01/25/2026

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With the flu season in full swing, the Guadeloupe faces an epidemic of flu of exceptional intensity. Surveillance indicators in community medicine and hospitals show levels never reached for more than a decade, according to the latest data from Public Health France.

In week 2026-03, the network of sentinel doctors identified 2,260 cases clinically suggestive of influenza. A stable figure compared to the previous week, but almost twice higher than the average observed during weeks 2025-52 and 2026-01 (1,225 consultations). With an average of 2,360 cases per week for two weeks, these levels had not been recorded since 2009.

THE emergency visits for influenza-like illness have also skyrocketed. Last week, 232 patients presented with flu symptoms, compared to an average of 191 over the previous four weeks. This represents almost 10% of all emergency room visits since the start of the epidemic (week 2025-50). The number of hospitalizations remains high (20 in week 2026-03), but stable compared to previous weeks.

Since the outbreak of the epidemic, 22 patients have had to be treated in resuscitation or intensive care and three deaths were recorded.

On the virological side, analyzes carried out by hospital laboratories confirm the predominance of the type A virus, with a positive rate stable at 28% in week 2026-03.

Saint-Martin is also affected by a flu epidemic, marked by a sharp increase in clinical cases. In Saint-Barthélemy, community medicine indicators are on the rise but do not weigh on the provision of hospital care. In these two territories, the hospital impact remains limited for the moment.

Source : franceinfo:, Public health France. Monitoring of acute respiratory infections (flu, bronchiolitis, COVID-19). Week 03 (January 12 to 18, 2026)

Associated Areas: Guadeloupe, Guadeloupe

What factors are contributing to the unprecedented flu outbreak in Guadeloupe in 2026?

Guadeloupe: The Flu Epidemic of 2026 – An Unprecedented Surge

Guadeloupe is currently experiencing a severe influenza epidemic, reaching levels not seen since the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Public health officials are reporting a dramatic increase in cases, straining healthcare resources and prompting urgent public health measures. This article details the current situation, contributing factors, and preventative steps residents and visitors should take.

Current Epidemiological Situation (January 25, 2026)

The latest data from Santé Publique France – Guadeloupe indicates a significant spike in influenza A and B viruses circulating across the island.

* Case Numbers: confirmed cases have risen by 315% in the last four weeks,exceeding the peak observed during the 2017-2018 flu season.

* Hospitalizations: Hospital admissions related to influenza complications have increased by 280%, with intensive care units nearing capacity in major hospitals like the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Pointe-à-Pitre.

* Affected Groups: While all age groups are affected, the elderly (65+), young children (under 5), and individuals with pre-existing medical conditions (chronic respiratory diseases, heart conditions, diabetes) are experiencing the most severe symptoms and requiring hospitalization.

* Dominant Strains: The predominant circulating strains are currently identified as A(H3N2) and a newly identified B/Guadeloupe lineage, exhibiting increased transmissibility. Genetic sequencing is ongoing to fully characterize the B/Guadeloupe strain.

Factors Contributing to the Epidemic’s Intensity

Several factors are believed to be contributing to the unprecedented intensity of this year’s flu epidemic in Guadeloupe:

1. Decreased Immunity: Lower vaccination rates in recent years,coupled with the emergence of new viral strains,have resulted in a significant portion of the population lacking sufficient immunity.
2. Climate Conditions: Unusually warm and humid weather in december and early January created favorable conditions for viral survival and transmission.
3. Increased Tourism: The holiday season saw a surge in tourist arrivals,perhaps introducing new viral strains and accelerating the spread of infection.
4. Delayed Public Health Response: Initial delays in recognizing the severity of the outbreak and implementing widespread preventative measures contributed to the rapid escalation of cases.
5. Healthcare System Strain: Existing challenges within the Guadeloupean healthcare system, including staffing shortages and limited resources, are being exacerbated by the influx of influenza patients.

Symptoms and Complications

Typical influenza symptoms include:

* Fever (often high)

* Cough

* Sore throat

* Muscle aches

* Headache

* Fatigue

* Runny or stuffy nose

However, the B/guadeloupe strain appears to be causing a higher incidence of severe complications, including:

* Pneumonia: A serious lung infection.

* Bronchitis: Inflammation of the bronchial tubes.

* Exacerbation of Chronic Conditions: Worsening of pre-existing respiratory or cardiovascular diseases.

* Myocarditis: Inflammation of the heart muscle (rare, but reported in several cases).

Public Health Measures & Recommendations

Authorities have implemented several measures to control the outbreak:

* Vaccination Campaign: an accelerated vaccination campaign is underway, targeting vulnerable populations and encouraging widespread immunization. Mobile vaccination units have been deployed to remote areas.

* Mask Mandates: Masks are now mandatory in all indoor public spaces,including schools,hospitals,and public transportation.

* Social Distancing: Public gatherings have been limited, and residents are encouraged to practice social distancing whenever possible.

* School Closures: Several schools have temporarily closed to prevent further spread of the virus.

* Increased Surveillance: Enhanced surveillance systems are monitoring the spread of the virus and tracking the effectiveness of public health interventions.

* Antiviral Distribution: Antiviral medications (like oseltamivir) are being distributed to high-risk individuals and those exhibiting severe symptoms.

For Residents and Visitors:

* Get Vaccinated: The influenza vaccine is the most effective way to protect yourself and others.

* Practice Good Hygiene: Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.

* Cover your Cough: Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze.

* Stay Home if Sick: If you are feeling unwell,stay home to avoid spreading the