Researchers have discovered 1,700 such viruses in various regions of Tibet that have been buried in the snow for hundreds or thousands of years.
Research on these bacteria and viruses will also help to understand the history of the world’s environment and how modern viruses might cope with future environmental stressors.
The Gulia Glacier, located on the plateau of the northwestern part of Tibet, is 20 thousand feet above sea level. This glacier has long been an important field of environmental research.
According to research published in the renowned journal Nature Geoscience, a treasure trove of DNA samples preserved for thousands of years has been discovered in the Galia Glacier. This will dramatically increase the insight needed to understand Earth’s atmosphere.
THE annual climate conference Indonesia Net-Zero Summit (INZS) returns this year with the theme ‘SOS Hell Leaks: Climate Avengers Assemble!’ The conference organized by the Foreign Policy Community of Indonesia (FPCI) will be held on Saturday, August 24, 2024, at the XXI Djakarta Theatre Ballroom, Central Jakarta.
INZS is a meeting place for ministers, officials, diplomats, activists, celebrities, youth, civil society, and various other groups to discuss climate issues, especially in Indonesia. This initiative is intended to gather and strengthen Indonesia’s commitment to saving the future of the nation from the climate crisis.
The theme ‘SOS Hell Leaks: Climate Avengers Assemble!’ for this year’s INZS was chosen to call for an emergency in the earth’s condition as temperatures continue to exceed the critical point of 1.5 degrees Celsius. The theme also emphasizes the importance of real action and mutual cooperation from the ‘Climate Avengers’ to prevent disaster and destruction.
Founder and Chairman of the Foreign Policy Community of Indonesia Dino Patti Djalal said that the goals of INZS include maintaining public awareness of climate change issues, as well as maintaining its political momentum. “We see that in various countries the goals can be good, reducing emissions, but the politics are not connected. This happened in the United States. They signed the Paris Agreement well, but as soon as Trump entered, the US left it and launched various policies that were contrary to sustainable development” said Dino in a press conference in the Cikini area, Central Jakarta, Thursday (22/8).
For that, he wants the Prabowo-Gibran government to include the climate change agenda as a priority in their policies. Dino also said that in line with the Net-Zero Summit process, his party has held focus group discussion (FGD) which brought together climate activists and the Prabowo-Gibran team.
“We have met three times to discuss various aspects of the government’s future climate change policy. There was renewable energy, Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), and nature-based solutions (NBS),” he explained.
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FPCI hopes the target net-zero can be accelerated to 2050 or 10 years earlier than the previous target in 2050. Because the world is predicted to boil in 2050. While in 2030 it is expected that net-zero will reach 50%. The commitment, said Dino, should also be enacted as much as possible to show the government’s seriousness.
Director of Climate Unit FPCI Esther Tamara expressed the great hope of this year’s Indonesia Net Zero Summit is to ensure the commitment to reduce emissions by 2030. “Indonesia and all countries in the world are required to submit a second NDC, our climate commitment that we will be accountable to the UN. Deadline“It will be February next year,” said Esther.
“What we will commit to there is roadmap so that we can reduce emissions in the next 6 years in 2030,” he added.
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Therefore, he said, it is very important to ensure that the Prabowo-Gibran team really listens to the aspirations of civil society organizations regarding climate.
“The year 2030 is very significant in climate science because our carbon quota will be exhausted by 2030. This means that if we exceed the limit of emissions, global warming will exceed the threshold of 1.5 degrees Celsius. What will happen if that temperature is exceeded is the destruction of humanity. With a 2 degree Celsius increase, 99% of the world’s coral reefs will be damaged,” he explained.
Also read: Indonesian Delegation Prepares for Negotiations at World Climate Conference
Leading Speaker
At INZS 2024, discussion sessions will be filled by a line-up of prominent speakers, including Mari Elka Pangestu, Alue Dohong, Pahala Nugraha Mansury, Budisatrio Djiwandono, Ridwan Kamil, Arcandra Tahar, Dino Patti Djalal, Mikha Tambayong, Abigail Limuria, Nadine Chandrawinata, Fabby Tumiwa.
Then there are Tiza Mafira, Gita Syahrani, Agus Sari, Anindya N Bakrie, Ridha Wirakusumah, Shinta W Kamdani, Rachmat Kaimuddin, Nani Hendiarti, Eniya Listiani Dewi, Innandya Kusumawardhani, Nadia Hadad, Laetania Belai Djandam.
In conjunction with the INZS 2024 activities, FPCI together with communities and civil society organizations working in the field of climate change and the environment presented awards Climate Hero Award to the Minister of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia Sri Mulyani Indrawati.
The award is given annually to individuals who have made significant contributions to championing Indonesia’s climate agenda. Last year, Climate Hero Award awarded to Emil Salim.
FPCI and the climate community appreciate Sri Mulyani’s leadership in pushing the issue of decarbonization and green economic growth in Indonesia. She is the first government figure to raise the threat of climate change as a bigger challenge than the covid-19 pandemic. Sri Mulyani is also considered to have played a major role in shaping policies that have strengthened Indonesia’s financial governance in the transition to net-zero. (S-1)
#Indonesia #NetZero #Summit #Emphasizes #Earths #Temperature #Emergency
Microscopic marine plankton shells of all sizes and shapes line the front pages of Science Advances. With summer in full swing and lucky humans able to hit the beach, the science magazine is spotlighting a study led by researcher Yanli Lei of the Institute of Oceanography at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and researcher Matthew Clapham of the University of California, which focused on foraminifera.
Just like the dinosaurs, these tiny shells were largely victims of the Cretaceous-Tertiary crisis 65 million years ago. Except that unlike the former, some species survived, so much so that they even suffered other mass extinction crises. We come to wonder if there are foraminifera more threatened than others.
A “Lilliput effect”
To understand why, we must remember that a foraminifera is a marine planktonic organism formed by a single cell that produces a calcareous shell with several chambers. According to the researchers who conducted the new study, “When the environment is poor in oxygen and sulfide, oxygen cannot diffuse to the center of the shell of large foraminifera”indicates a presentation text. This work is all the more interesting since today we are observing a significant drop in oceanic oxygen.
The world lived (and) him April “excellent” temperatures, as they were recorded monthly heat record both on land and on the surface of the oceans, according to the latest data from the European Copernicus Observatory, released today.
The natural climate phenomenon El Nino “continued to weaken,” leaving open the possibility of lower temperatures later this year, but no change in the underlying trend of warming fueled by the massive burning of fossil fuels (gasoline, oil, gas, coal).
Again above 1.5 °C
Since June 2023, the heat record has been broken continuously every month.
April 2024 was no exception to what tends to be the norm, with an average temperature of 15.03 °C, in other words 1.58 degrees above any normal April in the pre-industrial era (1850-1900).
“Although it is unusual, such a series of monthly records was already observed in 2015-2016”, when it lasted 15 months, the Copernicus service emphasizes.
Over the past 12 months, the planet’s temperature has averaged 1.61°C higher than in the pre-industrial era, above the Paris Agreement’s (2015) target of not exceeding 1.5 ° Celsius. However, this anomaly must be recorded for decades to be considered that the climate exceeded this absolutely critical threshold.
In any case, however, it is clear “how remarkable the conditions of the global temperature are”, underlined Julien Nicolas, climatologist of the European climate change service Copernicus (C3S), to AFP.
Last month was the second warmest ever recorded in Europe, along with March and the winter season as a whole.
Contrasts
Each additional degree of increase in global temperature is accompanied by “extreme climate events, which are becoming more severe and more likely”, reminds Julien Nicolas, as the last few weeks have been marked by extreme heat waves in Asia, India and Vietnam, while the south Brazil and other regions were hit by extremely deadly floods.
In terms of rainfall, the climate change agency Copernicus did not draw clear conclusions about trends in April. The month was wetter than normal across much of Europe, but drier than normal in the southern part of the continent.
The same contrast is observed outside Europe: in much of North America, central and eastern Asia, the Gulf, southern Brazil, extreme rainfall caused widespread flooding. On the contrary, in northern Mexico, around the Caspian Sea, as well as in a large part of Australia, drought prevailed.
Oceans: Small bend
The ocean surface temperature also set a record in April compared to any previous record, excluding the poles. This is the thirteenth consecutive month that a record has been set.
This warming threatens marine life forms, increases humidity in the atmosphere and threatens the ability of the oceans – which have a critical role – to absorb the anthropogenic emissions of gases that cause the greenhouse effect.
However, the sea surface temperature recorded a marginal decrease compared to March and its absolute record (21.04 ° Celsius, from 21.07 ° Celsius).
El Niño is weakening
The natural climate phenomenon El Niño “continued to weaken” in April and the situation moved towards “neutral conditions”, notes the Copernicus observatory.
The phenomenon occurs in the equatorial zone of the Pacific Ocean and contributes to global warming.
El Niño “reached its peak at the beginning of the year,” explained Julien Nicolas, which likely explains the slight dip in average temperatures in April compared to March.
“Model forecasts indicate a possible transition to La Niña conditions (of the phenomenon) in the second half of the year,” but “the conditions are still quite uncertain,” noted the climatologist.
The La Niña phenomenon is the opposite of El Niño – it leads to a decrease in global temperatures – but the end of El Niño does not necessarily mean that temperatures will stop rising, that global warming will slow down.
2024, a year of new records?
These trends continue to “push global temperatures towards new records”, warns Carlo Buodembo, director of C3S.
At the end of March, the UN already warned that there was a “high probability” of record temperatures in 2024, while 2023 completed a decade of record heat, pushing the Earth “to the brink”.
For Julien Nicolas of the Copernicus agency, however, “it is still a little early” to predict whether records will be broken again this year, given that 2023 was an excellent year.
Source: RES-MPE
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