<h1>India and the United States Now Dominate Global Cryptocurrency Adoption</h1>
<p><strong>New York, NY – June 27, 2025</strong> – In a stunning shift in the cryptocurrency landscape, India and the United States are leading the charge in global adoption, according to the newly released Geography of Cryptocurrency Report 2025 by Chainalysis. This isn’t just about tech enthusiasts anymore; both retail investors and institutional players are fueling unprecedented growth, signaling a maturing market and a potential turning point for digital assets. This is <strong>breaking news</strong> for anyone following the future of finance, and a significant win for <strong>SEO</strong> visibility in the crypto space.</p>
<h2>India Takes the Crown in Overall Crypto Adoption</h2>
<p>The report reveals that India has secured the top spot in *every* measured sub-category of crypto adoption, from individual retail participation to large-scale institutional capital flows. This remarkable surge is a testament to the country’s growing digital infrastructure and increasing financial inclusion. It’s a fascinating story of a nation embracing a new financial frontier, and one that’s rapidly changing the global crypto map. For those tracking <strong>Google News</strong> trends, this is a story to watch.</p>
<h2>US Gains Ground with ETF Approvals</h2>
<p>The United States has moved into second place, propelled by a significant increase in institutional participation following the approval of Spot-Bitcoin-Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs). This move legitimized Bitcoin in the eyes of many traditional investors, unlocking billions in new capital. Pakistan, Vietnam, and Brazil round out the top five countries driving crypto adoption, showcasing a diverse global interest.</p>
<h2>Asia-Pacific: The Fastest-Growing Crypto Market</h2>
<p>The Asia-Pacific region is experiencing explosive growth, with on-chain transaction volume soaring by 69% to $2.36 trillion this year. India, Pakistan, and Vietnam are at the forefront of this expansion, demonstrating the region’s appetite for digital currencies. Latin America isn’t far behind, with a 63% growth rate, while Sub-Saharan Africa is seeing a 52% increase, largely driven by cross-border transfers and everyday payments. While North America and Europe remain dominant with $2.2 trillion and $2.6 trillion received respectively, the growth trajectory is clearly shifting eastward.</p>
<h2>Stablecoins: The Backbone of Global Transactions</h2>
<p>Stablecoins continue to be essential for widespread crypto adoption, facilitating trillions of dollars in monthly transactions. USDT and USDC remain the dominant players, but newer stablecoins are making waves. Circle’s euro-backed EURC, launched under the European MiCA regime, has seen a nearly 90% monthly growth rate, reaching $7.5 billion by June 2025. PayPal’s PYUSD has also experienced substantial growth, jumping from $783 million to $3.95 billion. Even payment giants like Visa and Mastercard are entering the stablecoin arena, signaling a broader acceptance of this technology.</p>
<h2>Bitcoin Remains the Primary On-Ramp to Crypto</h2>
<p>Despite the proliferation of altcoins, Bitcoin continues to be the preferred entry point for fiat-to-crypto conversions, attracting a staggering $4.6 trillion between July 2024 and June 2025 – more than double the next largest category (Layer 1 tokens excluding BTC and ETH). The United States remains the world’s largest fiat on-ramp, processing four times the volume of South Korea.</p>
<h2>Crypto Adoption Spans All Income Levels</h2>
<p>Interestingly, Chainalysis found that crypto adoption is widespread across all income levels – high, medium, and low. While lower-income countries are still more vulnerable to market volatility, the increasing accessibility of crypto is empowering individuals globally. This democratization of finance is a key driver of the long-term growth potential of the industry.</p>
<p>The rapid rise of crypto adoption in India and the US isn’t just a fleeting trend; it’s a fundamental shift in how people are thinking about and interacting with money. As institutional investment continues to grow and new technologies like stablecoins mature, we can expect to see even more widespread adoption in the years to come. Stay tuned to archyde.com for the latest insights and analysis on the evolving world of cryptocurrency and decentralized finance.</p>
India
“I don’t like black skin” The wife of an Indian husband who burned his wife … death sentence sentence
India: Husband Sentenced to Death for Brutal Murder Driven by Colorism
Udaipur, India – In a landmark ruling that’s sending shockwaves through India and sparking renewed debate about pervasive colorism, a man named Kishanas has been sentenced to death for the horrific murder of his wife, Lakshmi. The case, originating in Udaipur, Rajasthan, exposes the dark underbelly of societal biases and the devastating consequences of discrimination based on skin tone. This is a breaking news story with significant implications for SEO and Google News visibility.
A Year of Marriage, A Lifetime of Abuse
The couple, married for just one year, endured a tragically short union marred by Kishanas’s relentless verbal abuse. According to reports from the BBC and Financial News, Lakshmi repeatedly told doctors and police, before succumbing to her injuries, that her husband frequently demeaned her, calling her “Kali” – a derogatory term referencing her darker skin. In 2017, Kishanas doused Lakshmi in a flammable liquid and set her ablaze.
The District Court of Udaipur delivered the death sentence on August 30th, calling Kishanas’s actions “too cruel,” noting he even continued to pour liquid on Lakshmi while she was already burning. Prosecutor Dineshi Paliwal hailed the verdict as “historical,” emphasizing the importance of protecting women and daughters from such brutality.
The Deep Roots of Colorism in India
Lakshmi’s story isn’t an isolated incident. Colorism – prejudice or discrimination against individuals with a dark skin tone – is deeply ingrained in Indian society. Historically, lighter skin has been associated with higher social status, stemming from colonial influences and a preference for Aryan features. This bias manifests in various forms, from marriage prospects to employment opportunities.
“For generations, Indian society has unfortunately placed a premium on fair skin,” explains Dr. Anjali Sharma, a sociologist specializing in gender studies at the University of Delhi. “This preference is perpetuated through media, advertising, and even within families. It creates a system where women with darker skin face systemic disadvantages and are often subjected to ridicule and abuse.”
The case echoes past tragedies, including instances where women have been killed by their husbands due to their skin color, highlighting the urgent need for societal change. The legal system’s response in Kishanas’s case is a significant step, but lasting change requires addressing the underlying cultural biases.
Beyond the Headlines: Addressing Systemic Bias
While the death sentence provides a measure of justice for Lakshmi, the broader issue of colorism demands a multifaceted approach. This includes:
- Education: Implementing educational programs that challenge harmful stereotypes and promote inclusivity.
- Media Representation: Encouraging diverse representation in media and advertising to dismantle the association between fair skin and beauty.
- Legal Reform: Strengthening laws and enforcement mechanisms to protect women from domestic violence and discrimination.
- Community Dialogue: Fostering open conversations within communities to address and dismantle ingrained biases.
Kishanas’s defense lawyer argued the death was accidental, a claim the court vehemently rejected. The severity of the crime, coupled with the motive rooted in prejudice, solidified the court’s decision. This case serves as a stark reminder of the devastating consequences of unchecked bias and the critical need for a more equitable and inclusive society.
The sentencing of Kishanas marks a pivotal moment in the fight against colorism in India. It’s a somber victory for Lakshmi, and a powerful call to action for a nation grappling with deeply rooted societal prejudices. Stay tuned to Archyde for continued coverage of this developing story and in-depth analysis of the issues surrounding gender equality and social justice.
Peter Navarro Criticizes India for Fueling Russia’s War Efforts and Impacting U.S. Jobs
Navarro Accuses India of Fueling Russia‘s war Effort, Raising Trade Concerns
Table of Contents
- 1. Navarro Accuses India of Fueling Russia’s war Effort, Raising Trade Concerns
- 2. Escalating Criticism from Washington
- 3. India’s Response and US Internal Debate
- 4. The Broader Implications
- 5. Understanding Geopolitical Energy Dynamics
- 6. Frequently Asked Questions About India and the Russia-Ukraine conflict
- 7. How does Peter Navarro argue India’s oil trade with Russia impacts U.S. job markets?
- 8. Peter Navarro Criticizes India for Fueling Russia’s War Efforts and Impacting U.S. Jobs
- 9. Navarro’s Core Argument: Circumventing Sanctions
- 10. The Economic impact on U.S. Jobs – Navarro’s Claims
- 11. India’s Position and Justification
- 12. U.S. Response and Diplomatic Pressure
- 13. The G7 Price Cap and its Effectiveness
- 14. The broader Geopolitical Implications
- 15. Relevant Keywords & Search Terms
New Delhi – A senior White house advisor has reignited a diplomatic dispute, directly accusing India of benefiting financially from its continued purchase of Russian oil and contributing to the ongoing conflict in Ukraine.The accusations, leveled by Peter Navarro, are also centering on alleged negative impacts on American employment due to India’s trade practices.
Escalating Criticism from Washington
On Friday, Peter Navarro utilized social media to articulate his concerns, stating that India’s significant tariffs result in job losses within the United States.He further contended that India’s acquisition of Russian oil directly supports the Russian war machine,resulting in casualties and increased financial burdens for American taxpayers. Navarro’s statements followed a recent article in the Washington Post detailing the strain in relations between the U.S. and India, as reported by ANI.
Navarro has consistently voiced criticism of India’s trade relationship with Moscow, characterizing the conflict as “Modi’s war.” He’s publicly labeled India as a “Kremlin’s laundromat,” alleging the nation is capitalizing on the situation.Last week, during an interview with Bloomberg Television, navarro asserted that India is actively aiding Russia’s military operations, linking the path to peace to actions taken in New Delhi.
India’s Response and US Internal Debate
The Indian Ministry of External Affairs swiftly rejected Navarro’s assertions, deeming them “inaccurate and misleading.” Spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal affirmed India’s commitment to its established agenda with the United States and expressed hope for continued collaboration based on mutual respect and shared interests.
Meanwhile, White House economic advisor Kevin Hassett indicated that President Donald Trump and his team were “disappointed” with India’s ongoing imports of Russian crude oil. Though, Hassett also expressed optimism for potential positive shifts in the future.Trump himself has frequently characterized India as America’s “most tariffed partner,” labeling the trade dynamic as “totally one-sided.” A recent ruling by a U.S. appeals court deemed some of Trump’s tariff measures as “illegal.”
| Issue | Navarro’s Claim | US Government Position | India’s Response |
|---|---|---|---|
| Russian Oil Imports | Profiteering, fueling war | Disappointment, hope for change | Rejection of claims |
| Trade Tariffs | Costing US jobs | Concern, legal challenges to tariffs | No direct comment |
Did You Know? India’s oil imports from russia have substantially increased since the start of the Ukraine conflict, offering India a cheaper alternative to conventional oil suppliers.
Pro Tip: understanding the geopolitical implications of energy trade is crucial for investors and policymakers alike.
The Broader Implications
this escalating rhetoric comes at a sensitive time for U.S.-India relations. Both nations have been strengthening ties in areas such as defense and technology. However, disagreements over trade and India’s stance on the Russia-ukraine war pose challenges to further cooperation. The situation highlights the complex balancing act India faces in navigating its strategic partnerships.
What impact will these disputes have on the future of US-India relations? And how will India’s energy policy evolve in the coming months?
Understanding Geopolitical Energy Dynamics
Global energy markets are notoriously complex. Countries often prioritize energy security and affordability, leading to diverse sourcing strategies, even when these conflict with geopolitical considerations. The Ukraine war has dramatically reshaped these dynamics, forcing nations to reassess their energy dependencies and explore alternative suppliers. india, as a rapidly growing economy with significant energy demands, is particularly vulnerable to price fluctuations and supply disruptions.
The ongoing trade tensions between the U.S.and India reflect broader trends in global trade, including the rise of protectionism and the increasing importance of strategic autonomy. As the world becomes more multipolar,countries are less willing to align themselves exclusively with any single power,leading to a more fragmented and competitive international landscape.
Frequently Asked Questions About India and the Russia-Ukraine conflict
- What is India’s primary reason for importing Russian oil? India cites energy security and affordability as key drivers for its continued purchase of Russian crude oil.
- How has the US responded to India’s oil imports from Russia? The US has expressed disappointment and concern, suggesting it fuels Russia’s war effort, but has not imposed sanctions on India.
- What are the key trade disputes between the US and India? Disagreements center on India’s high tariffs on US goods, which the US argues create an unfair trade imbalance.
- What is the significance of Peter Navarro’s criticisms? Navarro’s statements represent a hawkish view within the US management and signal potential for increased pressure on India.
- What is India’s official position on the Russia-Ukraine conflict? India has maintained a neutral stance, calling for a peaceful resolution and abstaining from votes condemning Russia at the UN.
- What is the current state of US-India relations? Despite trade disputes, the US and India are strengthening cooperation in other areas, such as defense and technology.
Share this article and let us know your thoughts in the comments below!
How does Peter Navarro argue India’s oil trade with Russia impacts U.S. job markets?
Peter Navarro Criticizes India for Fueling Russia’s War Efforts and Impacting U.S. Jobs
Navarro’s Core Argument: Circumventing Sanctions
Peter Navarro, former trade advisor to president Trump, has publicly and repeatedly criticized India’s continued trade with Russia, specifically focusing on its purchase of discounted Russian oil. His central argument revolves around the assertion that India is effectively circumventing Western sanctions imposed on Russia following its invasion of Ukraine. This circumvention,Navarro contends,directly funds Russia’s war machine and undermines international efforts to pressure Moscow. The core of his critique centers on the idea that India’s actions are strategically benefiting Russia while concurrently harming U.S. economic interests and national security.
The Economic impact on U.S. Jobs – Navarro’s Claims
Navarro’s concerns extend beyond simply enabling Russia’s war. He argues that India’s reliance on cheaper Russian oil creates an uneven playing field, impacting U.S. energy markets and, consequently, American jobs.
Here’s a breakdown of his key points:
Reduced Demand for U.S. Energy Exports: increased Indian purchases of Russian oil diminish the potential demand for U.S. energy exports, particularly liquefied natural gas (LNG).
Price Suppression: The influx of discounted Russian oil into the global market puts downward pressure on oil prices,potentially hurting U.S.oil producers.
Job Losses in the Energy Sector: Lower oil prices and reduced export opportunities could lead to job losses in the U.S. energy sector, from extraction and refining to transportation and related industries.
Impact on Manufacturing: Higher energy costs for U.S. manufacturers are avoided by India,giving them a competitive advantage.
Navarro has specifically pointed to potential job losses in states like Texas, Pennsylvania, and Louisiana, which are heavily reliant on the energy industry. He frequently cites data on U.S. energy exports and employment figures to support his claims.
India’s Position and Justification
India defends its continued trade with Russia by citing its energy security needs and the necessity of securing affordable energy sources for its rapidly growing economy. Key arguments include:
Energy Security: India, a nation of 1.4 billion people, has a significant and growing energy demand. Securing reliable and affordable energy supplies is a top priority.
Discounted Prices: Russian oil is offered at a considerable discount compared to oil from other sources, allowing India to save billions of dollars.
Non-Alignment Policy: India maintains a long-standing policy of non-alignment and strategic autonomy, refusing to be drawn into geopolitical conflicts.
Limited Option sources: Promptly replacing Russian oil with alternative sources would be challenging and potentially disruptive to the Indian economy.
India has also emphasized that it is adhering to all international sanctions and is not directly funding the war effort. they argue that purchasing oil is a legitimate commercial transaction.
U.S. Response and Diplomatic Pressure
The U.S.government has expressed its concerns to India regarding its trade with Russia,urging New Delhi to reduce its reliance on Russian energy. However, the U.S. has largely avoided imposing secondary sanctions on India, recognizing its strategic importance and its role in the Indo-Pacific region.
Diplomatic efforts have focused on:
Dialog and Engagement: Regular discussions between U.S. and Indian officials to address concerns and explore potential solutions.
Alternative Energy Partnerships: Promoting cooperation on renewable energy and other alternative energy sources to reduce India’s dependence on fossil fuels.
Highlighting the Risks: Emphasizing the potential risks associated with continued trade with Russia, including reputational damage and potential future sanctions.
The G7 Price Cap and its Effectiveness
the G7 nations implemented a price cap on Russian oil in December 2022, aiming to limit Russia’s revenue while keeping oil flowing to global markets. The effectiveness of this price cap is a subject of debate.
Navarro’s Critique: Navarro argues the price cap is largely ineffective, as countries like India are still able to purchase Russian oil at prices above the cap through various mechanisms, including blending and shipping routes.
G7 Defense: Supporters of the price cap maintain that it has had a significant impact on Russia’s oil revenue, forcing Moscow to offer deeper discounts and limiting its ability to finance the war.
Shadow Fleet: The emergence of a “shadow fleet” of tankers, often owned and operated by companies outside of G7 control, has facilitated the continued transport of Russian oil, circumventing the price cap.
The broader Geopolitical Implications
The situation highlights the complex geopolitical dynamics at play in the Russia-Ukraine war. India’s position reflects a broader trend of some countries in the Global South prioritizing their own economic interests over strict adherence to Western sanctions. This raises questions about the effectiveness of sanctions as a tool of foreign policy and the potential for a more multipolar world order. The U.S. is navigating a delicate balance between maintaining its relationship with India and pressing it to align more closely with Western efforts to isolate Russia.
Relevant Keywords & Search Terms
Peter Navarro
India russia Oil Trade
Russia Ukraine War
Putin Accuses US of ‘Colonial Era’ Tactics Against China and India
Table of Contents
- 1. Putin Accuses US of ‘Colonial Era’ Tactics Against China and India
- 2. criticism of US pressure Tactics
- 3. Historical Context and Modern Implications
- 4. A Table of US Actions and Responses
- 5. Looking Ahead
- 6. the Shifting Global Order
- 7. Frequently Asked Questions About Putin’s Statement
- 8. How does Putin define “neo-colonialism” in the context of U.S. foreign policy towards China and India?
- 9. Putin Criticizes U.S. Approach to China and India as Neo-Colonial
- 10. The Core of Putin’s Argument: Challenging U.S.Global Influence
- 11. Economic Coercion and Dependency
- 12. Political Interference and Regime Change
- 13. China and India: Specific Cases in Putin’s critique
- 14. The Multipolar World Order: Russia’s Alternative
Beijing – Russian President Vladimir Putin has voiced strong disapproval of what he describes as the United States’ use of coercive measures – reminiscent of colonial-era practices – against the nations of China and India. The remarks, delivered during an address to the Russian press in Beijing, followed the commemoration of the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II.
criticism of US pressure Tactics
Putin asserted that both China and India have experienced historical challenges,including periods of colonialism and sustained infringements on their sovereign rights. He questioned how these strong economic powers should respond to external pressures characterized by threats of punitive measures. According to Putin, the era of colonialism is definitively over, and such tactics are inappropriate in the modern international landscape.
“When external actors threaten to impose difficulties and punishments, how are nations with a long history of overcoming colonialism and defending their sovereignty expected to react?” Putin pondered, suggesting a natural resistance to such approaches.
Historical Context and Modern Implications
The russian President’s statement arrives at a time of increased geopolitical tension, with the United States implementing various trade and economic policies aimed at influencing the behavior of both China and India.These policies have included tariffs, sanctions, and diplomatic pressure, ostensibly to address concerns regarding trade imbalances, intellectual property rights, and human rights.A recent report by the Council on Foreign Relations details growing instances of economic coercion as a tool of statecraft.
A Table of US Actions and Responses
| country | US Action | Reported Response |
|---|---|---|
| China | Imposition of Tariffs on Goods | Reciprocal tariffs and Trade Diversification |
| India | Threats of Sanctions related to Energy Imports | Continued Energy Purchases and Diversification of Suppliers |
Did You Know? Colonialism‘s legacy continues to shape global power dynamics, influencing contemporary geopolitical strategies and alliances.
Pro Tip: Understanding the historical context of a nation’s relationship with colonialism is crucial for interpreting its responses to modern-day international pressure.
Looking Ahead
Putin’s comments signal a potential alignment of Russia with China and India in opposition to perceived US hegemony. This dynamic could further reshape the global balance of power and lead to increased multilateralism. The implications of this evolving alliance remain to be seen, but it undeniably adds another layer of complexity to the already intricate international landscape.
the Shifting Global Order
The rise of multipolarity, where power is distributed among several nations rather than concentrated in one or two, is a defining feature of the 21st century. Countries like China and India are asserting their influence on the world stage, challenging the customary dominance of the United States and its allies. This shift is driven by economic growth, technological advancements, and a growing desire for a more equitable international system.
Economic interdependence is also playing a critically important role in these dynamics. global supply chains and trade relationships have created complex networks of interconnectedness, making it increasingly difficult for any single nation to exert complete control. Consequently, countries are seeking to diversify their partnerships and reduce their reliance on any one power.
Frequently Asked Questions About Putin’s Statement
- What is Putin accusing the US of? Putin alleges the US is using tactics similar to those employed during the colonial era to pressure China and India.
- Why is Putin making these accusations now? His statement comes amidst heightened geopolitical tensions and increasing US economic pressure on both nations.
- What is the historical context of this dispute? Both China and India have experienced prolonged periods of colonialism and foreign interference.
- How might this affect US-Russia relations? This criticism is likely to further strain already tense relations between the US and Russia.
- What is the significance of the 80th anniversary of WWII? the anniversary likely provided a platform for Putin to reflect on historical power dynamics.
What are your thoughts on Putin’s assessment of US foreign policy? do you believe the US is employing neo-colonial tactics?
Share your perspectives in the comments below,and don’t forget to share this article with your network!
How does Putin define “neo-colonialism” in the context of U.S. foreign policy towards China and India?
Putin Criticizes U.S. Approach to China and India as Neo-Colonial
The Core of Putin’s Argument: Challenging U.S.Global Influence
Russian President Vladimir Putin has increasingly vocalized his criticism of the United States’ foreign policy, specifically targeting what he perceives as a neo-colonial approach towards major global players like China and India. This isn’t simply rhetorical posturing; it’s a core tenet of Russia’s evolving geopolitical strategy, aiming to position itself as a champion of a multipolar world order. Putin argues that U.S. policies, while ostensibly promoting democracy and free markets, are ultimately designed to maintain American dominance and exploit the resources and potential of other nations. Key to this critique is the assertion that the U.S. employs economic pressure, political interference, and military presence to control these nations, mirroring historical colonial practices.
Economic Coercion and Dependency
Putin’s central claim revolves around the idea that the U.S.utilizes economic leverage to create dependency.This manifests in several ways:
Dollar Dominance: The U.S. dollar’s status as the world’s reserve currency gives Washington notable control over global financial systems. putin argues this allows the U.S.to impose sanctions and exert pressure on countries that don’t align with its interests.
Trade Imbalances: The U.S. trade deficit, while a complex economic issue, is framed by Putin as a deliberate strategy to extract wealth from other nations.He suggests this creates an uneven playing field,hindering the economic growth of countries like China and India.
debt Traps: While not directly accusing the U.S. of intentional “debt traps” in the same vein as some criticisms leveled against China, Putin points to the conditions attached to loans and aid packages as mechanisms for control. These conditions often require economic liberalization and adherence to U.S.-favored policies.
Technological Control: U.S. dominance in key technological sectors, like semiconductors and software, is seen as a tool for maintaining its competitive edge and limiting the technological advancement of rivals. Restrictions on technology transfer are frequently cited as examples.
Political Interference and Regime Change
Beyond economics, Putin alleges that the U.S. actively interferes in the internal affairs of other countries, often through covert operations and support for opposition groups. This is presented as a modern form of colonialism, aiming to install regimes that are compliant with U.S. interests.
“Color Revolutions”: Putin frequently references what he terms “color revolutions” – pro-democracy movements in countries like Ukraine and Georgia – as being orchestrated by the U.S. to undermine governments perceived as antagonistic.
Support for NGOs: The funding and activities of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are viewed with suspicion, with Putin accusing them of being used as proxies for U.S. foreign policy objectives.
Military Alliances & Bases: The extensive network of U.S. military alliances (NATO) and overseas bases is interpreted as a means of projecting power and intimidating countries into submission.The presence of these bases is seen as a violation of national sovereignty.
China and India: Specific Cases in Putin’s critique
Putin’s criticism isn’t abstract. He specifically points to the U.S. approach to China and India as examples of this neo-colonial behavior.
China: The U.S.-China trade war, sanctions against Chinese tech companies (like Huawei), and increased military presence in the South China Sea are all framed as attempts to contain China’s rise and prevent it from challenging U.S.hegemony. Putin has consistently offered China diplomatic support, positioning Russia as a reliable partner in a world dominated by U.S. power.
India: While the U.S. and India have strengthened their strategic partnership in recent years, Putin argues that this relationship is still characterized by an imbalance of power. He suggests that the U.S. seeks to draw India into its sphere of influence, potentially limiting India’s independent foreign policy and economic development. Russia remains a key arms supplier to india, a relationship Putin emphasizes as being based on mutual respect and non-interference.
The Multipolar World Order: Russia’s Alternative
Putin’s critique of U.S. policy is inextricably linked to his vision of a multipolar world order. This concept advocates for a system where power is distributed among multiple centers, rather then being concentrated in the hands of a single superpower (the U.S.).
Strengthening BRICS: Russia actively promotes the BRICS economic bloc (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and south Africa) as a counterweight to Western dominance.
*