The Shifting Sands of Peacekeeping: Will Trump’s Gaza Plan Redefine International Intervention?
The international community faces a critical juncture in the aftermath of the Israel-Hamas conflict. President Trump’s proposed plan for a stabilization force in Gaza, bypassing traditional multilateral structures like the United Nations, isn’t just a tactical shift – it’s a potential earthquake in the established order of peacekeeping. But can a security framework built on bilateral deals and a reluctance to embrace established institutions truly deliver lasting stability, or will it sow the seeds for future conflict?
A Plan Forged Outside Traditional Channels
President Trump’s vision for Gaza’s security hinges on an “international stabilization force” composed of Arab and international partners, with Egypt, Qatar, and Turkey specifically mentioned. This approach immediately raises eyebrows, as it conspicuously omits a central role for the United Nations, traditionally the cornerstone of peacekeeping operations. While the UN would handle aid distribution, its involvement in actual security provision is notably absent. Experts like Zinaida Miller, a Northeastern professor of law and international affairs, rightly question this deviation, stating that “peacekeeping has traditionally been the ambit of organizations like NATO and the U.N.”
This isn’t simply a matter of procedural preference. It reflects a broader skepticism towards multilateralism that has characterized Trump’s foreign policy. His consistent criticism of Europe and the UN, coupled with a preference for direct negotiation, suggests a belief that traditional institutions are cumbersome and ineffective. However, excluding key players like France and Germany, who have expressed a desire for greater UN involvement – particularly in disarming Hamas – risks undermining the plan’s legitimacy and effectiveness. As Fiona Creed, a Northeastern professor and former director of the United Nations Association of Greater Boston, points out, Europe has been “excluded from the core political decision-making,” despite being the largest provider of financial aid to the Palestinian Authority, averaging $1.39 billion between 2021-2024.
“The legitimacy of this emerging peace process will depend on whether it shifts the frame from security to justice. Security without justice only postpones the next war.” – Hossein Dabbagha, Philosophy Professor, Northeastern University
The Historical Precedent: Lessons from Past Peacekeeping Missions
While Trump’s plan breaks with convention, history offers a mixed bag of lessons regarding international stabilization forces. The UN-led United Nations Protection Force in Bosnia (1995) helped maintain a ceasefire following the Bosnian War, ultimately contributing to the Dayton Accords. Similarly, NATO’s intervention in Kosovo stabilized the region after the Kosovo War, though tensions persisted. However, missions in Sierra Leone and East Timor demonstrate the importance of a robust mandate and sustained commitment. The UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), deployed in 1978, illustrates the challenges of long-term peacekeeping in a volatile environment.
The key takeaway: successful peacekeeping isn’t simply about boots on the ground; it’s about a clear mandate, adequate resources, and the buy-in of all stakeholders. Trump’s plan, currently lacking in detail regarding rules of engagement and long-term objectives, risks repeating the mistakes of past interventions.
The Funding Question: Who Pays for Peace?
Trump has stated that “very rich countries are going to be funding” the stabilization force. While this may alleviate the financial burden on the United States, it raises questions about accountability and potential strings attached. Will these funding nations exert undue influence over the force’s operations? Will their priorities align with the needs of the Gazan people? The lack of transparency surrounding the funding mechanism is a significant concern.
When evaluating the viability of any peacekeeping mission, always consider the funding source and potential geopolitical implications. Financial dependence can compromise neutrality and effectiveness.
Beyond Security: The Need for Justice and Long-Term Governance
A purely security-focused approach is unlikely to succeed in Gaza. As Professor Dabbagha argues, a “just peace” requires acknowledging past wrongs, mourning losses, and restoring the dignity of those dehumanized. The plan’s call for a “temporary transitional governance” by a technocratic Palestinian committee is a positive step, but it lacks detail regarding the next phase. Who will ultimately govern Gaza? Will Palestinians have genuine self-determination? These questions remain unanswered.
Furthermore, the plan’s silence on the issue of an independent Palestinian state is glaring. Successive Israeli governments have opposed such a state, and without a clear path towards Palestinian sovereignty, any stabilization effort is likely to be short-lived. Explore our coverage of the ongoing debate surrounding Palestinian statehood to understand the complexities of this issue.
The Role of Disarmament and Regional Security
Disarming Hamas is a central tenet of the plan, but achieving this goal will be immensely challenging. Without a credible security guarantee and a viable political alternative, Hamas is unlikely to relinquish its arms. Moreover, the plan must address the broader regional security context, including the involvement of Iran and other external actors. Ignoring these factors risks escalating tensions and undermining the entire process.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the biggest risk to the success of Trump’s Gaza plan?
The lack of buy-in from key international actors, particularly the United Nations and European nations, is a major risk. Without broad support, the plan may lack legitimacy and be difficult to sustain.
How does this plan differ from traditional peacekeeping operations?
Traditional peacekeeping operations typically involve a UN mandate and the participation of multiple nations. Trump’s plan relies heavily on bilateral agreements and bypasses the UN’s central role.
What role will financial aid play in the stabilization of Gaza?
Financial aid is crucial for rebuilding infrastructure and providing essential services. However, the source of the funding and the conditions attached to it will significantly impact the plan’s success.
Is a lasting peace in Gaza even possible without addressing the underlying political issues?
Experts widely agree that a lasting peace requires addressing the root causes of the conflict, including the issue of Palestinian statehood and the need for justice and accountability.
The future of Gaza hangs in the balance. While President Trump’s plan offers a potential pathway to stability, its success hinges on overcoming significant challenges – securing international cooperation, addressing the underlying political issues, and prioritizing justice alongside security. Without a comprehensive and inclusive approach, the shifting sands of peace in Gaza may continue to elude us. Read more about the challenges of conflict resolution in the Middle East.
What are your predictions for the future of peacekeeping in the region? Share your thoughts in the comments below!