Buhari, Nigeria’s Former President and Military Leader, Dies in London

Here’s a summary of the provided text, focusing on the key points about Muhammadu Buhari:

Death: Muhammadu Buhari, former President of Nigeria, has died at the age of 83. His death was confirmed by his former spokesperson.
Past Leadership: Buhari had a important history in Nigerian politics, including a brief and controversial first term as military head of state in 1983, which was marked by an aggressive anti-corruption campaign that led to the detention of many figures.
Reputation as Military Ruler: While some lauded his uncompromising stance, he was widely criticized as a brutal and authoritarian leader. Author Wole Soyinka famously described him as a “devil.”
Return to Power (2015-2023): After years as an opposition figure, Buhari won a historic election in 2015, positioning himself as a “converted democrat” and promising to tackle corruption and insecurity, particularly the Boko Haram insurgency.
Challenges in Second Term: Despite high expectations, his presidency from 2015 to 2023 was characterized by disappointment, increased violence and insecurity across the country, economic decline, and soaring inflation.His government also faced corruption scandals and accusations of factionalism.
Health Issues: Buhari experienced significant and largely undisclosed health problems during his presidency, including extended medical leave in London where he reportedly suffered from amnesia.
* Legacy and Support: Despite a difficult tenure, he maintained a loyal following, particularly in Nigeria’s Muslim north, where he was viewed as an austere and incorruptible leader.

what were the key factors that contributed to Muhammadu Buhari’s initial rise to power in Nigeria through the 1983 coup d’état?

Confirmation and Initial Reports

Reports confirmed on July 13, 2025, that Muhammadu Buhari, the former President of Nigeria and retired Major General, has died in London. He was 82 years old. While official statements are still emerging, sources close to the family have verified his passing after a prolonged illness. The news has prompted an outpouring of grief and condolences across Nigeria and internationally. Key search terms related to this breaking news include “Muhammadu Buhari death,” “Nigeria former president dies,” and “Buhari London hospital.”

Buhari’s Early Life and military Career

Born on December 17, 1942, Muhammadu Buhari’s journey to the presidency was deeply rooted in his military service.

Early Military Training: He received his military training at the Nigerian military Training College (later Nigerian Defence Academy) and subsequently at the Mons Officer Cadet School in Aldershot, England.

Rise Through the Ranks: Buhari steadily climbed the ranks within the Nigerian Army, holding various command positions.

Military Head of State (1983-1985): He first came to national prominence as the military Head of State following a coup d’état in December 1983. His regime,though short-lived,was marked by a strong emphasis on discipline and tackling corruption. He was overthrown in August 1985 by General Ibrahim Babangida. This period is frequently enough referred to when discussing “Nigeria military rule” and “Buhari coup.”

Transition to Democracy and Presidential Campaigns

After his ouster, Buhari remained a meaningful figure in Nigerian politics, transitioning to civilian life and contesting presidential elections multiple times.

All Progressives Congress (APC): he became a prominent member of the All Progressives Congress (APC), a major political party in Nigeria.

2015 Presidential Victory: In 2015, buhari achieved a historic victory, defeating incumbent President Goodluck jonathan in a landmark election.This marked the first time an incumbent president had been defeated in Nigeria’s democratic history. The election was a turning point in “Nigeria’s political landscape.”

Key Campaign Promises: His campaign centered around tackling corruption, improving security (especially addressing the Boko Haram insurgency), and revitalizing the Nigerian economy.

Buhari’s Presidency (2015-2023): Key Policies and Challenges

Buhari’s two terms as President were characterized by both successes and significant challenges.

Anti-Corruption Efforts: He launched a high-profile anti-corruption campaign, known as the “War Against corruption,” targeting individuals accused of embezzlement and financial crimes.

Boko Haram Insurgency: His administration made significant gains in combating the Boko Haram insurgency in northeastern Nigeria, though the conflict continued to pose a threat.terms like “Boko Haram fight” and “Nigeria security challenges” were frequently associated wiht his presidency.

Economic Recession: Nigeria experienced an economic recession during Buhari’s first term, largely due to falling oil prices.

Infrastructure Development: The Buhari administration invested heavily in infrastructure projects,including roads,railways,and power plants.

Farmers-Herders Conflicts: Increasing clashes between farmers and herders, often fueled by resource scarcity and ethnic tensions, presented a major security and humanitarian challenge.

Health Concerns and Medical Treatment

buhari’s health became a recurring concern during his presidency, leading to several extended periods of medical leave, often spent in London.

Frequent Medical Trips: He made numerous trips to London for medical treatment, sparking criticism from some quarters.

Clarity Issues: The lack of detailed information about his health condition fueled speculation and raised questions about transparency.

Vice President Osinbajo’s Role: During Buhari’s absences, Vice President Yemi Osinbajo often assumed presidential powers.

Legacy and Impact on Nigeria

Muhammadu Buhari leaves behind a complex legacy. He is remembered by some for his strong stance against corruption and his efforts to improve security,while others criticize his handling of the economy and his perceived authoritarian tendencies.

Impact on Nigerian Politics: His presidency substantially shaped Nigeria’s political landscape.

Economic Policies: His economic policies, including efforts to diversify the economy away from oil, will continue to be debated.

Security Sector Reforms: The reforms he initiated in the security sector will have lasting implications for Nigeria’s ability to address security challenges.

Ongoing Debates: Discussions surrounding “Buhari’s legacy” and “Nigeria under Buhari” will likely continue for years to come.

Reactions and Condolences

Following the news of his death, condolences have poured in from across the globe. World leaders, including those from African nations and international organizations, have expressed their sympathy and acknowledged Buhari’s contributions to Nigeria and the African continent. The Nigerian government has declared a period of national mourning. Search terms like “Buhari tributes” and “Nigeria national mourning” are trending.