image source, Getty Images

Article Information

It has been described as the metal of the era. Millions of people take magnesium for various reasons. Can it help us sleep better? Does it improve digestion? Does it give our overworked brains a moment of peace?

In the rapidly evolving world of nutritional supplements, it’s magnesium’s time to shine.

This industry is growing rapidly, with the global magnesium market valued at approximately $3.8 billion, with expectations that its value will nearly double within ten years.

In a small factory, located in the Yorkshire Dales, huge plastic drums of white powder are stacked next to giant machines at work.

Workers in hazmat suits carefully weigh magnesium citrate – a compound made by mixing the metal with citric acid – into shiny steel containers.

image source, Ruth Clegg/BBC

“We send our supplies all over the world,” says Lonsdale Health managing director Andrew Goring. All over the UK, of course, but also to Australia, parts of Asia, Kuwait and Iraq. “It’s one of our best-selling products.”

He shouts loudly to overpower the noise of the pill press. The pill press, a Dalek-like machine that produces dozens of tiny white tablets of magnesium every second.

“Do we really need it?” I also asked out loud. “And why is it so popular now?”

“Influencers and social media are driving this trend,” Goering explains. “We’ve known about the benefits of magnesium for years, and now it’s finally becoming more popular.”

I could almost hear the surprise in Kirsten Jackson’s voice, a registered dietitian who specializes in digestive health, when I reached out to her. “It’s clever marketing,” says Ms. Jackson. “Magnesium is used in areas people are interested in spending money on: sleep, digestion, mental health.”

But she stresses that this does not necessarily mean that we need nutritional supplements to improve these aspects.

Magnesium is one of the many minerals found in our bodies. The recommended daily amount for women is 270 milligrams, and 300 milligrams for men. We store about 25 grams of it.

Jackson also explains that magnesium may only make up less than 1 percent of our body, but it “is involved in more than 300 different processes.”

It’s “particularly important for our brains and mood,” she says, because it helps nerves send messages correctly, and supports essential components of brain cell membranes.

It also helps balance blood sugar levels, regulate blood pressure, and is an essential component in transporting calcium and potassium to and from our cells, which maintains the rhythm of the heartbeat.

So, does eating a whole grain ensure that our bodies function smoothly?

It’s more complicated than that, Ms. Jackson says, because for a magnesium supplement to work, we must be deficient in the mineral in the first place, and it’s difficult to test for any deficiency because the vast majority of our magnesium is stored in our bones and tissues.

But on an individual level, many say this supplement has actually made a difference.

image source, Katie Curran

For Katie Curran, a communications specialist who has worked with some of the biggest fashion brands, good sleep was a distant dream.

Katie says: “A year ago, I was struggling and taking a long time to fall asleep. My mind would not stop thinking, and then I would fall asleep and wake up a few hours later.”

Katie decided to try magnesium glycinate – a combination of magnesium and glycine, an amino acid that there is little evidence to link to improved sleep.

After two weeks of taking 270 milligrams a day, she says the noise in her head began to subside. The racing thoughts slowed down, and she began to feel like she could function again.

“My sleep has definitely improved, and I’ve become more active. Other things have changed in my life, so I can’t pinpoint it to just one thing, but I think magnesium supplements have been an important part of the solution.”

While a magnesium deficiency may negatively affect sleep patterns, there is no conclusive evidence that taking supplements improves your sleep.

Social media is full of enthusiastic supplement followers, many of whom write in their posts as “commission paid,” meaning they may earn money from their stories or videos.

According to these influencers, magnesium seems to be a cure-all for almost everything, as they recommend different types of products.

Magnesium is often mixed with other compounds to support different parts of our bodies. For example, magnesium combined with either L-threonate or glycinate is supposed to improve brain health, aiding sleep and stress relief.

Magnesium mixed with chloride is recommended to relieve muscle tension and premenstrual cramps, while a mixture of citrate and oxide is used to improve digestion and treat constipation.

Most of us probably suffer from at least one of these problems. But as nutritionist Christine Stavridis confirms, the problem is that there is not enough strong evidence to prove that most of these different magnesium supplements have a positive effect on healthy people.

Even if it is effective, its effect will not appear unless we already suffer from a magnesium deficiency.

“Supplement companies are screaming at us: ‘We’re all going to die’, ‘Quick! Take my pills – here’s the magic bullet,’” Ms. Stavridis says.

She adds: “It is true that many of us do not get enough magnesium. About 10 percent of men and 20 percent of women do not consume the recommended daily amount. But taking nutritional supplements is not the only solution.”

image source, Getty Images

Let’s take sleep health as an example. Stavridis says there are many conflicting studies on whether magnesium supplements really make a difference. Some experiments indicate its benefits, while random clinical trials have expressed some doubt.

It is noteworthy that there is an additional complication, which is the possibility of nutritional supplements conflicting with each other due to the way they interact in the body.

For example, taking zinc — a supplement often recommended for premenopausal women — can also affect the rate of magnesium absorption.

Simply put, Stavridis says it’s a minefield, not just “eat this” and you’ll be cured.

She recommends reviewing your diet first. But if you’re thinking about taking a magnesium supplement, Stavridis recommends taking half the amount recommended on the package daily and monitoring how you feel.

Also, if healthy people take an overdose of magnesium, moxibustion can get rid of it, but there are still risks, such as diarrhea, vomiting, and nausea. But for kidney patients, taking magnesium supplements can be dangerous and may cause hypermagnesemia, a potentially life-threatening condition that can cause paralysis or coma.

Nutritionist Kirsten Jackson also recommends “looking at diet first.”

She points out that foods such as seeds, nuts, whole-grain bread, vegetables and fruits are good sources of magnesium.

She warns that if you don’t eat these types of foods regularly, you may also suffer from deficiencies in other essential nutrients such as vitamin C, vitamin K, fiber, and prebiotics. “One magnesium supplement won’t cure it all.”

What are the key mechanisms by which magnesium promotes better sleep?

Magnesium: Unlocking the Secrets of a Mineral’s Role in Enhancing Sleep Quality and Overall Well-being

The Essential Role of Magnesium in the Body

Magnesium is a vital mineral involved in over 300 enzymatic reactions within the body. frequently enough underestimated,its influence extends far beyond muscle and nerve function. It’s a cornerstone of energy production, protein synthesis, and DNA repair. Maintaining adequate magnesium levels is crucial for optimal health, impacting everything from mood and cognitive function to bone health and, importantly, sleep. Many individuals are deficient in magnesium, often without realizing it, leading to a cascade of health issues. Understanding magnesium benefits is the first step towards improving yoru well-being.

Magnesium and Sleep: A Powerful Connection

the link between magnesium for sleep is well-established. Magnesium helps regulate neurotransmitters that are key to sleep, including GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid). GABA is a calming neurotransmitter that reduces brain activity, preparing the body for rest.

Here’s how magnesium promotes better sleep:

* Activates the Parasympathetic Nervous System: Magnesium helps shift the body from a “fight or flight” state to a relaxed,restorative state.

* Regulates Melatonin: While not a direct precursor, magnesium influences melatonin production, the hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles.

* Reduces Cortisol Levels: Chronic stress elevates cortisol, disrupting sleep. Magnesium can help lower cortisol, promoting relaxation.

* Calms Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS): Magnesium deficiency is often linked to RLS, a condition that can significantly interfere with sleep.

Types of Magnesium and Their Bioavailability

Not all magnesium supplements are created equal. Different forms have varying levels of bioavailability – how well the body absorbs and utilizes them.

Here’s a breakdown of common types:

* Magnesium glycinate: Highly bioavailable and gentle on the stomach.Often recommended for sleep and anxiety.

* Magnesium Citrate: Well-absorbed, but can have a laxative effect. Useful for constipation.

* Magnesium Oxide: Poorly absorbed. Primarily used as a laxative.

* Magnesium Threonate: Shows promise for brain health and cognitive function,potentially improving sleep quality by supporting brain relaxation.

* Magnesium Chloride: Absorbed well through the skin, making it suitable for topical applications like Epsom salt baths.

Choosing the right magnesium form depends on your individual needs and tolerance.

Dietary Sources of Magnesium: Fueling Your Body Naturally

Prioritizing magnesium-rich foods is an excellent way to boost your intake.

Excellent sources include:

* Dark Leafy Greens: Spinach, kale, collard greens.

* Nuts and Seeds: Almonds, cashews, pumpkin seeds, chia seeds.

* Legumes: Black beans, kidney beans, chickpeas.

* Whole Grains: Brown rice, quinoa, oats.

* Dark Chocolate: (Yes, you read that right!) Choose varieties with a high cocoa content.

* avocados: A creamy and flavorful source of magnesium.

Recognizing Magnesium Deficiency: Symptoms to watch For

Magnesium deficiency symptoms can be subtle and frequently enough overlooked. Common signs include:

* Muscle cramps and spasms

* Fatigue and weakness

* irritability and anxiety

* Sleep disturbances (insomnia)

* Headaches

* Irregular heartbeat

* Loss of appetite

* Nausea and vomiting

If you suspect a deficiency, consult with a healthcare professional for testing and guidance.

Beyond Sleep: Additional Health Benefits of Magnesium

The benefits of magnesium supplementation extend far beyond improved sleep.

* Heart Health: magnesium helps regulate blood pressure and supports healthy heart function.

* Bone Health: Crucial for bone density and preventing osteoporosis.

* Blood Sugar Control: Improves insulin sensitivity and helps regulate blood sugar levels.

* Migraine Relief: May reduce the frequency and severity of migraines.

* Mood Regulation: Plays a role in serotonin production,impacting mood and reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Practical Tips for Increasing Magnesium Intake

* Prioritize Whole foods: Focus on incorporating magnesium-rich foods into your daily diet.

* Consider Supplementation: If dietary intake is insufficient, a magnesium supplement may be beneficial. Start with a low dose and gradually increase as tolerated.

* Epsom Salt Baths: Soaking in an Epsom salt bath (magnesium sulfate) can help increase magnesium levels through skin absorption.

* Manage Stress: Chronic stress depletes magnesium. Practice stress-reducing techniques like yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises.

* Limit Processed Foods: Processed foods are often low in magnesium and can interfere with its absorption.

Case Study: Improving Sleep with Magnesium Glycinate

I recently worked with a patient,Sarah,a 45-year-old experiencing chronic insomnia.After ruling out other potential causes, we identified a possible

From Trade Wars to Table: How Craft Flour is Revitalizing the Pacific Northwest Wheat Industry

Nearly 90% of the wheat grown in the Pacific Northwest is typically shipped overseas. But a quiet revolution is taking root, one that could reshape the region’s agricultural landscape and offer a lifeline to struggling farmers: the rise of craft flour. As global trade faces increasing uncertainty and commodity prices remain volatile, a growing demand for locally-sourced, high-quality grains is creating a new economic opportunity, particularly for the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation.

The Commodity Crunch and the Search for Alternatives

For years, Pacific Northwest wheat farmers have been caught in a precarious position. Dependent on export markets, they’ve been particularly vulnerable to trade disputes and fluctuating global demand. The Trump administration’s tariffs exacerbated these challenges, increasing the cost of essential inputs like fertilizer while simultaneously limiting access to key markets. This perfect storm has pushed many farms to the brink, raising concerns about the future of agriculture in the region. “It’s usually a race to the bottom and not profitable,” explains Kevin Morse, co-founder of Cairnspring Mills, highlighting the inherent instability of the commodity market.

Cairnspring Mills: A Local Solution Takes Shape

Washington-state based Cairnspring Mills is betting on a different model. The company is currently constructing a new mill on the Umatilla Indian Reservation near Pendleton, Oregon, a project poised to expand their production capacity twelvefold. This isn’t just about scaling up; it’s about shortening the supply chain and capturing more value locally. The mill will require approximately 2 million bushels of wheat annually, a relatively small figure in the context of the overall Northwest wheat market, but a significant boost for farmers seeking a stable, local buyer.

The Umatilla Tribe’s Role in Economic Diversification

The location of the mill on tribal land is particularly noteworthy. For generations, the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation have relied heavily on the tribal casino as a primary economic driver. This new partnership with Cairnspring Mills represents a deliberate effort to diversify the tribal economy and create new opportunities for its members. “Growing up, one of the only economic drivers on the reservation was the tribal casino,” says Steven Hart, a trustee with the tribe. “This is a signal that Indian Country is open for business.”

Beyond Artisan Bread: The Expanding Market for Specialty Grains

While craft flour is currently favored by artisan bread bakers – those seeking unique flavors and textures – the potential market extends far beyond sourdough loaves. Consumers are increasingly interested in the provenance of their food, driving demand for locally-sourced, sustainable products. This trend is fueling growth in specialty grain markets, including ancient grains like spelt and emmer, as well as heritage wheat varieties. This shift aligns with a broader movement towards increased consumer interest in food systems and local agriculture, as reported by the USDA.

The Rise of Regional Grain Economies

The Cairnspring Mills project is part of a larger trend towards the development of regional grain economies across the United States. Farmers are recognizing the benefits of direct-to-consumer sales, farmers’ markets, and partnerships with local businesses. This localized approach not only provides greater financial stability but also fosters a stronger connection between producers and consumers. The success of these regional models will likely depend on continued investment in infrastructure, such as milling facilities and distribution networks.

Future Trends and Implications

The story of craft flour in the Pacific Northwest offers a glimpse into the future of agriculture. Expect to see increased investment in localized food systems, a growing demand for specialty grains, and a greater emphasis on sustainable farming practices. The challenges posed by global trade and climate change will continue to drive innovation and collaboration within the agricultural sector. Furthermore, the Umatilla Tribe’s involvement highlights the potential for Indigenous-led economic development and the importance of incorporating traditional ecological knowledge into modern agricultural practices. The key will be scaling these successes – moving beyond niche markets to create a more resilient and equitable food system for all.

What are your predictions for the future of regional grain economies? Share your thoughts in the comments below!