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Munich, Germany – An international investigation has concluded that Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny was killed by a lethal toxin derived from poison dart frogs, according to a joint statement released Saturday by the United Kingdom, Sweden, France, Germany and the Netherlands. The findings, presented at the Munich Security Conference, point to the deliberate use of epibatidine, a highly potent neurotoxin, while Navalny was imprisoned in a Siberian penal colony.

The investigation, spanning two years, analyzed samples taken from Navalny’s body and “conclusively confirmed the presence of epibatidine,” the statement read. Notably, the toxin is not naturally found in Russia, originating instead from wild dart frogs in South America. This discovery intensifies accusations against the Kremlin, with the five nations asserting that Russia “had the means, motive and opportunity to administer this poison.”

The announcement comes two years after Navalny’s death and during the same Munich Security Conference where his widow, Yulia Navalnaya, first publicly addressed the world in 2024, receiving a standing ovation as she mourned her husband’s passing. The timing underscores the continued international focus on accountability for Navalny’s death and the broader issue of political repression in Russia.

Yulia Navalnaya responded to the findings on X (formerly Twitter), stating, “I was certain from the first day that my husband had been poisoned, but now there is proof: Putin killed [Alexey] with chemical weapon.” She further emphasized, “I am grateful to the European states for the meticulous function they carried out over two years and for uncovering the truth. Vladimir Putin is a murderer. He must be held accountable for all his crimes.”

The Toxin and Its Origins

Epibatidine is a powerful neurotoxin secreted by certain species of poison dart frogs native to the rainforests of South America. The toxin blocks nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, leading to paralysis and cardiac arrest. According to the UK Foreign Office, dart frogs in captivity do not produce this toxin, and it is not naturally present in Russia, making its presence in Navalny’s body particularly damning. The BBC reports that the UK believes only the Russian government possessed the capability, motivation, and opportunity to deploy such a specialized poison.

International Condemnation and Chemical Weapons Convention

The five investigating nations collectively stated that “only the Russian state had the combined means, motive and disregard for international law” to contribute to Navalny’s death. They are now reporting Russia to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) for a breach of the Chemical Weapons Convention. The Al Jazeera notes that Russia previously denied poisoning Alexander Litvinenko, a former Russian agent, raising concerns about a pattern of state-sponsored assassinations.

Russian officials have consistently denied any responsibility for Navalny’s death. CNN has reached out to the Kremlin for comment, but has not yet received a response.

What Comes Next

The findings are expected to further isolate Russia on the international stage and intensify calls for sanctions and accountability. The OPCW investigation will be a crucial next step, potentially leading to further condemnation and legal challenges. The international community will be watching closely to see how Russia responds to these allegations and whether it cooperates with the OPCW investigation. The pursuit of justice for Alexei Navalny remains a central focus for his supporters and international allies.

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Oregonians celebrate their state’s birthday on February 14th, a date that sweetly coincides with Valentine’s Day. But the connection isn’t the result of intentional planning; rather, it’s a historical quirk tied to the actions of President James Buchanan in 1859. This year, on February 14, 2026, marks the 167th anniversary of Oregon’s admission to the Union as the 33rd state.

The story of Oregon’s statehood is a reminder that pivotal moments in history often unfold without regard for symbolic dates. While Valentine’s Day is associated with love and affection, Oregon’s entry into the United States was a matter of political process and presidential signature. The timing was simply coincidental, yet it has created a unique and memorable association for the Beaver State.

On February 14, 1859, President Buchanan officially signed the bill admitting Oregon, according to reporting from KATU news. Oregon holds the distinction of being the first state to achieve statehood on Valentine’s Day. Yet, the celebration wasn’t immediate. News of the official act took over a month to reach Oregon, delaying widespread festivities until March 1859.

This past Saturday, February 14th, the Oregon State Capitol hosted a celebration of the anniversary, featuring a performance by the Oregon Aged Time Fiddlers Association. The group played classic American folk songs, including “Bile ‘Em Cabbage Down,” also known as “Boil Them Cabbage Down,” a tune likely familiar to those traveling the Oregon Trail, as noted by Cathy Yale, chairwoman of the Oregon Old Time Fiddlers Association’s District 8. The association comprises 10 districts throughout the state.

Attendees at the Capitol event had the opportunity to engage with musical history, trying out instruments like cigar box guitars, autoharps, fiddles, and mountain lap dulcimers. The original Oregon Constitution was also on display, protected in a glass case within the Capitol Galleria, before being returned to the Oregon State Archives. OregonLive.com offered Oregon-themed valentines and a podcast, “The Peak Northwest,” dedicated to exploring the state’s beloved places.

The path to statehood wasn’t always straightforward. As OregonLive.com details, the date was simply the day President Buchanan acted on the legislation passed by Congress. The process reflected the complex political landscape of the time, as Oregon navigated the requirements for admission into the Union.

Looking ahead, Oregon’s unique statehood day continues to be a source of pride and a charming reminder of the state’s history. As Oregon moves forward, the legacy of February 14, 1859, will undoubtedly remain a cherished part of its identity.

Share your favorite Oregon memories and join the conversation below!