New research in the scientific journal finds that some people may have ‘naturalimmunity”, not easy to be infectedSevere acute respiratory disease, even if the infection is not easy to develop into severe disease. Dr. Dong Yuhong, a European virologist and chief scientist of a biotechnology company, combined with other studies, put forward the reasons why it is not easy to be infected with the new coronavirus. The following is the essence of Dong Yuhong’s interview:
How to have natural immune factors?3 major factors that make it less likely to be infected with the new crown
In November 2021, an article in the journal “Nature-Immunology” mentioned an interesting phenomenon: in some families with close contact with each other, all members were infectedSevere acute respiratory disease, but one person was not infected. This means that even with high exposure to the virus, some people are not susceptible to the new coronavirus.
Whether the new crown is infected or not, there are huge individual differences in the population, and some people do notsusceptible to infection, Some people are infected but asymptomatic, some people recover quickly, and some people will develop severe and life-threatening.
On the surface, this is an accidental probability problem, but in fact, after careful analysis, it will be found that this is the inevitable result after synthesizing many factors.
To understand the reasons behind, scientists have launched a global research project – “COVID HumanGene16 researchers from the Rockefeller University, Greece, France and other famous universities or research institutions jointly published the preliminary research results in the journal “Nature-Immunology”.
After a comprehensive analysis of this study and other studies, we can summarize three major factors that make it less likely to be infected with the new crown: interferon,blood type、Gene。
Interferon protects the human body from infection and severe illness
The ability of the human body to produce interferon and the level of interferon in the body are essential and important links in the control of new crown infection.
“Nature-Immunology” pointed out that more than 10% of patients with severe new crowns have self-neutralizing antibodies of type I interferon, which means thatPart IThe function of type interferon is impaired by the antibody. In addition, 20% of severe new crown patients over the age of 70 also contain this antibody.
On the other hand, the bodyPeople with high levels of interferon are less likely to get the new crown, and even if they are unfortunately infected, they are less likely to develop severe disease.
Does blood type affect immunity? blood type A,blood type OWhich type is not easy to be infected with the new crown
Blood type has a high correlation with human health. People with different blood types have different degrees of naturalimmunity。
In 1900, Karl Landsteiner, a biologist at the Institute of Pathology at the University of Vienna in Austria, first discovered that the human body has four congenital blood types: A, B, AB, and O.
Blood type refers to the type of antigens on the surface of red blood cells. People with type A blood have A antigens on the surface of their red blood cells, people with type B blood have B antigens, and people with type AB blood areIt has both A and B antigens at the same time.blood type Owithout antigen. (Normally, a person with type A blood has A antigen on the surface of red blood cells, but he does not have A antibody in his body, but has B antibody. People with type B blood have A antibodies. In addition, people with type O blood have both A and B antibodies. )
The ABO blood group system is not only manifested in red blood cells, but also in human epithelial cells and endothelial cells, and is associated with many human diseases.
For example, some studies have found that people with blood type A have a higher risk of gastric cancer, while people with blood types A, B, and AB have a higher prevalence of pancreatic cancer, which may be related to the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors and apoptosis. and so on.
Coincidentally, published in January 2020In the medical journal Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular BiologyA study by Dutch scholars pointed out that compared with people with O blood type, people with non-O blood type are more likely to suffer from heart disease, thrombotic diseases, and high blood lipids.
In terms of fighting against new crown infection, according to the research results of “Vox Sanguinis” (Vox Sanguinis) published by the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT), people with type O blood are less likely to be infected with the new crown, and the severe rate is also relatively low. Conversely, people with blood type A have a higher rate of new crown infection and a tendency to become severely ill.
In this regard, scientists put forward two hypotheses: A and B exist in the human body with type O blood.Antibodies can neutralize viruses and block the combination of viruses and cells, thereby protecting human cells from being invaded by viruses.
However, people with blood type A lack A antibodies and are therefore less able to neutralize the virus. In addition, some substances in blood type A may increase the affinity of the new coronavirus for human cell receptors, increase the risk of infection, and may also increase the rate of cardiovascular complications, thromboembolic disease, and severe infection.
Are there key immune genes against the new coronavirus?
In addition, the study of “Nature” also summarizes other genes that affect virus replication and immunity, which may affect human infection.sexThe impact of the disease, and looking forward to further analysis of people with the “natural immunity” of the new crown, and to find key immune genes.
As more immune-related genes are continuously revealed, people will have a more and more comprehensive understanding of the human body’s antiviral mechanism and the mysteries of life sciences.
Interferon, blood type, and genes are only some of the factors, and a single factor cannot be absolute.
From an overall point of view, it does not mean that people with type O blood and high interferon levels can sit back and relax, nor does it mean that people with type A blood and high interferon levels need to worry too much.
There are many factors that determine whether a person is infected with the new crown: age, smoking, drinking, nutritional balance, body mass index, life and rest, emotional control and many other factors. Positive factors in all aspects are strengthened to ensure foolproof.
Living in a chaotic world, with a healthy mind, just seeHealth 1+1！
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Responsible editor: Liu Yanxin
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