2023-08-17 18:00:00
Gamma rays scatter as they pass through the atmosphere… In the 1960s, artificial satellites first captured it, built astronomical observatories in two places, including Spain and Chile, and installed 60 gamma-ray observation telescopes. It became possible to study high-energy physical phenomena. Provided by ESO ● Emitting energy 100 billion times stronger than visible light. Gamma rays are electromagnetic waves with the highest energy in the electromagnetic spectrum. It has energy at least 100 billion times stronger than visible light visible to the human eye. It can be observed in high-energy physical reactions, such as when atomic nuclei are disintegrating. It is the moment of an explosion that lasts less than a second if it is short and several hours if it is long. More energy is emitted into space in an instant than the sun emits in 10 billion years. A gamma-ray burst occurs when a very massive star collapses leaving only its core due to its own gravity, and when two neutron stars that form a binary lose energy and get closer to each other, finally colliding. Collapsing neutron stars coalesce and collapse into black holes. Through these two processes, a tremendous amount of energy and matter is released into space at close to the speed of light, which is called a jet. As the jet spreads out, gamma rays also radiate bright and intense light. Gamma-ray bursts are known to be very common in the universe. However, it was not easy to observe directly from the Earth because it occurs in such a short moment and gamma rays are scattered as they pass through the Earth’s atmosphere. Gamma ray bursts were first observed in the late 1960s, but they were captured by satellites orbiting the Earth. ● Detected by ‘Cherenkov light’… It was in 2019 that 1,500 scientists successfully observed and analyzed gamma-ray bursts for the first time with telescopes on the analysis earth. The German Max Planck Institute for Physics and the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics published the first gamma-ray burst captured by the Cherenkov Gamma-ray Telescope (Magic MAGIC) on La Palma Island, Spain, on November 20, 2019, in the international journal Nature. The reason why the newly built observatory was named CTAO is that the Cherenkov telescope observes ‘Cherenkov light’ to detect gamma rays. CTAO is a medium-sized telescope (MST) equipped with a high-speed camera 23 The units will be installed on La Palma Island in Spain and the Atacama Desert in Chile. Four large-size telescopes (LST) and 37 small-size Cherenkov telescopes (SMT) are also planned to be installed later. After the camera shoots the cosmic phenomenon, it is converted into data, and 1,500 scientists analyze it. Although Korea does not participate in the CTA consortium, research on gamma ray theory and observations, including gamma ray explosions, is being conducted in domestic astronomy and particle physics circles, such as the Korea Astronomical Research Institute (Castronomical Research Institute). Kim Jin-ho, director of the Center for Theoretical Astronomy at the Korea Astronomical Research Institute, said, “Gamma ray bursts are important in that they have the highest energy in the electromagnetic spectrum.” Particles are continuously generated. The speed of light slows down by about 0.03% in the atmosphere, and the speed of high-energy particles is slightly faster than light. Due to the difference in particle speed, Cherenkov light with a mysterious blue color is generated. The Cherenkov telescope captures this blue light and finds gamma rays. Park Geon-hee, Donga Science reporter [email protected] Recommendation ⓒ Donga Ilbo & donga.com
1692297942
#Space #Fireworks #Watching #EarthThe #DongA #Ilbo