2012-12-10 09:21:39
Episodes of massive proliferation of macro-algae on European coasts and beaches were reported in the scientific literature as early as 1905 on the Irish coasts. Over the past forty years, this phenomenon has continued to grow. The proliferation of these algae is mainly linked to the presence of nitrates, brought by human activities (especially agriculture), in the waters and to the topographic configuration of the coastline (bays).
Once washed up on the beaches, these massive deposits of algae decompose with, in the process of putrefaction, significant releases of gases, notably hydrogen sulphide (H2S) which can cause olfactory nuisances and health problems for walkers and beach residents. In order to remedy this situation, certain beaches are subject to collection, the algae being then treated inland. These different stages expose workers to these gases.
To try to stem this phenomenon, the government developed a five-year plan to combat green algae in February 2010. It includes three components:
- the implementation of actions to limit nitrogen flows towards the coasts;
- improving the collection and development of treatment capacities for stranded algae;
- knowledge improvement and risk management.
In this context, the Agency has been contacted on several occasions and has provided expert opinions focusing on three aspects of this problem:
- assessing the risks linked to gaseous emissions from green algae for the health of neighboring populations, walkers and workers;
- identification of dangers and possible exposures linked to swimming and consumption of shellfish in areas affected by green algae blooms;
- the assessment of the toxicity of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in animals and the identification of toxicity values available in the bibliography on this subject.
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