The Egyptian Dar al-Iftaa has set the minimum amount of zakat al-fitr for the Hijri year 1443, 15 pounds for each individual. In this report, we review all the provisions of zakat al-fitr?
Zakat al-Fitr:
It is the zakat that must be paid on the Muslim before the Eid al-Fitr prayer in a specified amount, saa’ of the majority of the country’s food for every Muslim soul. According to the hadith of Ibn Omar, may God be pleased with them both in the two Sahihs: “The Messenger of God, may God bless him and his family and grant them peace, enjoined zakat al-Fitr from Ramadan on people, a saa’ of dates or a saa’ of barley on every Muslim free or slave, male or female.” his expense.
Obligations:
And the left, as for the poor and insolvent who did not exceed his sustenance and the sustenance of those who spend on the night and day of Eid, then Zakat al-Fitr is not obligatory on him; Because he is unable.
God Almighty has legislated it in order to purify the fasting person from idle talk and obscenity, and to spare the needy from asking questions on the day of Eid, which Muslims rejoice at its arrival. Where the Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, said: “Make them rich in the circumambulation of this day.” Narrated by al-Daraqutni and al-Bayhaqi.
When is Zakat Al-Fitr obligatory:
Zakat al-Fitr is obligatory at the dawn of the day of Eid according to the Hanafis, while the Shafi’is and Hanbalis are of the opinion that it is due at sunset on the last day of Ramadan, and the Malikis and Hanbalis permitted giving it one or two days before its time; Ibn Umar, may God be pleased with them, did not see anything wrong with that if someone sat down to collect zakat al-Fitr, and it was reported from al-Hasan as in the “Musannaf of Ibn Abi Shaybah” that he did not see anything wrong with a man accelerating the alms of al-Fitr a day or two before al-Fitr.
There is no legal objection to accelerating zakat al-fitr from the beginning of Ramadan, as is correct according to the Shafi’is. Because it is obligatory for two reasons: by fasting Ramadan and breaking the fast from it. If one of them is found, it is permissible to give it precedence over the other.
To whom it is given:
Zakat al-Fitr graduated to the poor and the poor, as well as the rest of the eight varieties mentioned by God in the verse of Zakat. [التوبة: 60].
It is permissible for a person to give his zakat al-fitr to one person, and it is also permissible for him to distribute it to more than one person, and the differentiation between them is to achieve the enrichment of the poor.
estimated:
Zakat al-Fitr is a saa’ of most of the country’s staple food, such as rice or wheat for example, and a saa’ that is obligatory in zakat al-fitr for each person is: one saa’ for our master, the Messenger of God, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, and it is one of the measures, and equals by weight approximately 2.04 kg of wheat, and whoever exceeds this amount The obligatory is permissible, and this extra is a charity on his behalf for which he will be rewarded, God willing.
How to take it out:
Giving zakat al-Fitr as food is the principle stipulated in the pure Sunnah of the Prophet, and the majority of jurists of the followed schools, except that paying it in value is permissible and acceptable, and according to it, the Hanafi jurists, a group of followers, and a group of scholars, ancient and modern, and it is also a narration from Imam Ahmad. Indeed, the great Imam al-Ramli of the Shafi’is has issued a fatwa in his “fatwas” that it is permissible to imitate Imam Abu Hanifa, may God be pleased with him, in giving out dirhams for zakat al-Fitr for those who asked him about it, and this is what the fatwa has to do now; Because the purpose of zakat is enrichment, and it is obtained with a value that is closer to the benefit of the poor. Because with it he can buy what he needs, and it is permissible to give Zakat al-Fitr to a charitable organization that acts as an agent on behalf of the Zakat owner in paying it to those who are entitled to it.
Zakat al-Fitr is not obligatory on behalf of the deceased who died before sunset on the last day of Ramadan. Because the dead is not among the people of duty.
It is not obligatory to give zakat al-fitr on behalf of the fetus if it was not born before sunset on the night of Eid, as the majority of scholars held that. But whoever gave it on his behalf is good; Because some scholars, such as Imam Ahmad, preferred that. When it was narrated that Othman bin Affan, may God be pleased with him, used to give alms al-Fitr on behalf of young and old, even on behalf of a pregnancy in his mother’s womb; And because it is charity on behalf of those who are not obligated to it, it was recommended, like all other voluntary alms.