A highly contagious viral disease, once considered eradicated in Germany, is resurfacing in poultry farms across the country, raising concerns among agricultural officials and prompting increased vigilance. The Newcastle Disease (ND), also known as atypical avian influenza, has been confirmed in multiple locations, including the Bavarian district of Erding near Munich, marking the first cases in Germany in three decades. The Friedrich Loeffler Institute (FLI), Germany’s leading animal health authority, has classified the situation as a serious threat to all poultry holdings.
The recent outbreaks signal a concerning shift, as Germany had largely been free of Newcastle Disease for approximately 30 years. The resurgence is not limited to Bavaria; cases have also been identified in Brandenburg. As of Wednesday morning, approximately 125,000 birds had been culled as a precautionary measure to contain the spread of the virus, according to reports.
The situation in Bavaria is particularly acute, with six confirmed cases of Newcastle Disease detected in the Landkreis Erding. Authorities initially confirmed two cases in Brandenburg in late February 2026. The FLI is urging heightened awareness and strict biosecurity measures on farms. “Attention should absolutely be maintained at a very high level,” a FLI spokesperson stated, emphasizing the importance of controlled access for people and goods, alongside mandatory vaccinations and rapid testing of sick or deceased animals.
Newcastle Disease is a highly contagious viral infection affecting birds, caused by the Avian Paramyxovirus-1 (APMV-1). According to the FLI, virtually all bird species are susceptible to infection. While human infection is rare, it is possible, typically manifesting as conjunctivitis. However, the FLI notes that severe, even fatal, cases have been documented in individuals with compromised immune systems.
Impact on Poultry Farms and Culling Measures
The outbreaks have led to swift action from authorities, including the culling of entire flocks at affected farms. In the Landkreis Erding, around 130,000 laying hens have been culled as of March 6, 2026, following confirmed cases in two separate operations, according to Geflügelnews. Additional suspected cases are under investigation in smaller poultry holdings near the affected farms.
Restricted zones have been established around the infected premises, including protection zones with a 3-kilometer radius and surveillance zones extending 10 kilometers. Poultry farmers within these zones have been informed by the veterinary authorities and are subject to inspections to ensure compliance with biosecurity protocols.
Vaccination and the Challenge of Eradication
Germany has a mandatory vaccination program for Newcastle Disease in chickens and turkeys of all flock sizes, unlike many other EU member states. However, the FLI emphasizes that vaccination does not provide complete protection. “Vaccinated animals are less susceptible to infection, shed less virus, and for a shorter period. If disease signs occur, they are less pronounced,” the FLI explains. In other words that culling affected flocks remains necessary to prevent further spread, even in vaccinated birds.
The situation is further complicated by ongoing outbreaks in neighboring countries, including Poland, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia, affecting both commercial and backyard poultry farms. The FLI also notes that the concurrent circulation of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) – commonly known as bird flu – among wild birds is exacerbating the risk.
What to Expect Next
The FLI is continuing to monitor the situation closely and conduct further investigations to determine the source of the outbreaks and the extent of the spread. Increased surveillance and biosecurity measures are crucial to containing the disease and preventing further losses in the poultry industry. The current outbreaks underscore the importance of ongoing vigilance and proactive measures to protect poultry health in Germany and across Europe.
The situation remains fluid, and further updates will be provided as they develop into available. Please share this information with anyone involved in poultry farming or bird keeping.
Disclaimer: This article provides informational content about Newcastle Disease and should not be considered a substitute for professional veterinary or medical advice. Always consult with qualified professionals for diagnosis and treatment of animal or human health concerns.
