2023-08-06 01:20:00
[건강이 최고] Calcium restriction cannot prevent… Sufficient fluid intake, low-salt diet, and weight loss are required
Urinary stones, which occur in 1.9% of the population, occur most often in August, when water loss in the body is high. Getty Image Bank
One of the diseases that are suddenly increasing these days as the steaming heat continues is urinary stones. It is called the ‘summer ambush’ because 50% of it occurs in the scorching heat.
Urolithiasis is a disease that even grown adults suffer from extreme pain, rolling over and over. Extreme pain appears suddenly, and once it occurs, it is easy to recur. In particular, if you are overweight, you should be more careful as the risk of developing urinary stones is high.
◇Moisture loss occurs most often in summer
Urinary stones are most common in summer when the temperature is high. If you look at the number of monthly urinary stone treatment in 2021 of the National Interest Disease Statistics of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, there were the most patients throughout the year with 46,645 in August. Urinary stones occur in about 1.9% of the population. It occurs in the 20s and is most common between the ages of 40 and 60. There are 2 to 3 times more male patients than female patients.
Gu Gyo-cheol, a professor of urology at Gangnam Severance Hospital, said, “The reason it happens a lot in hot summer is because water is lost through sweating and vitamin D production increases due to exposure to sunlight. In addition, eating habits and obesity are also considered causes.” did.
There are three main causes that increase the likelihood of urinary stones. If you drink less water, consume more salt, and if you are overweight, you are more likely to develop it.
In particular, if you are obese, the excretion of oxalic acid, uric acid, sodium, phosphoric acid, etc., which cause stones in the urine, increases. Insulin resistance also encourages urine acidification, which promotes the formation of uric acid stones.
The representative symptom is sudden flank cramping pain, and this unbearable severe pain is called ‘renal colic’. It is caused by blockage of the ureter by stones, which causes pressure in the ureter and kidneys to rise.
However, the symptoms are not typical, and there are times when only abdominal discomfort is felt, stomach medicine or digestive medicine is taken, or there is no pain at all. If the diagnosis is delayed and neglected, the risk of complications increases.
◇More than 90% of urine tests show hematuria
Microscopic hematuria is seen in urinalysis in more than 90% of patients. Urolithiasis is diagnosed by urinalysis and imaging tests such as antegrade urography or computed tomography (CT).
Severance Hospital Urology Professor Moon Yeong-joon said, “If the urinary stones are larger than 10 mm, if the pain is not controlled even with the administration of painkillers, if the urinary tract is completely blocked, or if kidney failure is accompanied, active treatment is needed.”
Urinary stones diagnosed with sudden severe pain can be treated immediately, but in rare cases, painless urinary stones may occur. Choi Jeong-hyeok, professor of urology at Gangdong Kyunghee University Hospital, said, “If urinary tract obstruction due to urinary stones lasts for a long time, it is dangerous because it can cause abnormalities in kidney function, such as acute pyelonephritis and renal failure.”
◇Treatment by natural discharge, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, surgery, etc.
Treatment for urinary stones is determined by comprehensively considering the size, location, and number of stones at the time of diagnosis, underlying disease, blood test, and urine test values. If it is a small urinary stone less than 5 mm, it can be expected to be discharged naturally with pain control, a large amount of fluid intake, and drug treatment.
However, if natural discharge cannot be expected, surgery or surgical treatment is required. First, there is extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, which fires shock waves outside the body to crush stones and induce natural discharge. It is possible through outpatient treatment.
In addition, there is a ureteroscopic calculus removal procedure in which the stone is crushed surgically or the stone is removed using an endoscope. Ureteroscopic calculus removal is a procedure in which an endoscope is directly inserted into the bladder and ureter through the urethra without an incision. It is a procedure that directly checks the stone with an endoscope, minimizes damage to the surrounding tissue through a laser, etc., and removes the stone by crushing or splitting it into powder.
◇ Restricting calcium intake does not prevent
On the market, it is said that urinary stones can be prevented by restricting calcium intake, but this is wrong. Professor Choi Jeong-hyeok said, “In the past, calcium intake was restricted to prevent urinary stones, but later studies have shown that proper calcium intake rather than unconditional restriction is more effective in preventing urinary stones.”
Therefore, to prevent urinary stones, fluid intake, diet, and lifestyle changes are necessary. Adequate fluid intake is the most important preventive measure for urinary stones. In particular, if you have a history of urinary stones, it is good to drink about 2.5 to 3 liters of water a day so that your daily urine output is more than 2 liters.
The diet of patients with urolithiasis varies according to the component of the stone. First of all, salt intake should not exceed 3-5g per day. Second, spinach, nuts, and chocolate with high oxalic acid content, which can increase the occurrence of calcium stones, should be avoided. Third, animal protein intake should be limited to less than 1 g per 1 kg of body weight per day.
In addition, eating foods high in citric acid, such as orange juice, which inhibits the formation of calcium stones by increasing citric acid excretion in the urine, can help prevent urinary stones. However, since a low-calcium diet increases the incidence of urinary stones, it is recommended to consume 1-1.2 g of calcium per day. Recently, the relationship between obesity and urinary stones has been found, and losing weight through diet and sufficient physical activity helps prevent recurrence of urinary stones.
Daeik Kwon Medical Reporter [email protected]
0 0 Share Save
1691289983
#Painful #urinary #stones #common #August