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Menopause Hormone Therapy and Its Inconsistent Effects on Anxiety: Insights from a New Review

by Dr. Priya Deshmukh - Senior Editor, Health
written by Dr. Priya Deshmukh - Senior Editor, Health



Hormone Therapy Shows Mixed Results in Reducing Menopause-Related Anxiety

Table of Contents

orlando,FL – October 21,2025 – A new systematic review indicates that hormone therapy does not consistently alleviate anxiety symptoms experienced by women during midlife. The findings, set to be presented at The Menopause Society’s 2025 Annual Meeting, challenge common beliefs about managing emotional wellbeing during the menopausal transition. This research examines the intricate link between hormonal shifts and mental health.

The Rising Tide of Anxiety in Menopause

Anxiety, characterized by feelings of worry, nervousness, and fear, often accompanies menopause and perimenopause. These emotions can be compounded by physical symptoms such as hot flashes, rapid heartbeat, and sleep disturbances. According to the National Institute of Mental Health, women are nearly twice as likely to experience anxiety compared to men – a disparity that often peaks during the menopausal years. National Institute of Mental Health.

A Deep Dive into the Research

Researchers meticulously analyzed data from seven studies, encompassing over 1,200 women undergoing or having completed menopause, as well as observational data from approximately 175,000 individuals. The study evaluated various forms of estrogen-based hormone therapy, including oral and transdermal applications, and different dosages. the analysis aimed to determine if hormone therapy offered a reliable solution for managing anxiety during this pivotal life stage.

Nuances in Treatment Response

While the review concluded that hormone therapy doesn’t universally reduce anxiety in midlife women, it revealed nuanced benefits for those in the perimenopausal or early postmenopausal phases. women experiencing pronounced symptoms and within a few years of their final menstrual period showed modest improvements, particularly with oral estrogen treatments. Individual responses varied depending on dosage, method of administration, and pre-existing symptom severity.

key Findings Summarized

Factor Impact on Anxiety
Menopausal Stage Modest benefits in perimenopause/early postmenopause
Hormone Therapy Route Oral estrogen showed the moast promise
Symptom Severity Greater impact on women with more pronounced symptoms
Overall Consistency No consistent reduction in anxiety across all women

Did You Know? Around 80% of women experience some form of anxiety during their menopausal years, highlighting the widespread need for effective management strategies.

Expert Perspectives

“Women frequently inquire about whether hormone therapy will alleviate their anxiety, and we aimed to provide evidence-based guidance,” stated a researcher involved in the study. Dr. Stephanie Faubion, medical director for The Menopause Society, emphasized the importance of personalized treatment plans. “Identifying how hormone therapy affects anxiety symptoms – and whether formulation, administration route, and dosage matter – is key to providing individualized care.”

Pro Tip: Open communication with your healthcare provider is crucial when considering hormone therapy. Discuss your specific symptoms and medical history to determine the best course of action.

The Need for Further Research

Researchers acknowledge that more targeted studies are needed to pinpoint which women are most likely to benefit from hormone therapy for anxiety. Factors such as menopausal stage, symptom severity, and treatment timing require further investigation.

Understanding Menopause and Anxiety

Menopause is a natural biological process marking the end of a woman’s reproductive years. It’s frequently enough accompanied by hormonal fluctuations, primarily a decline in estrogen levels. These hormonal changes can impact brain chemistry, potentially contributing to mood swings, anxiety, and depression. Beyond hormone therapy, lifestyle modifications – including regular exercise, a balanced diet, stress management techniques, and sufficient sleep – can play a meaningful role in managing anxiety during menopause. Mayo Clinic

Frequently Asked Questions About Menopause and Anxiety

  • What is the link between menopause and anxiety? Menopause-related hormonal shifts, particularly declining estrogen, can affect brain chemistry and increase vulnerability to anxiety.
  • Does hormone therapy always help with anxiety during menopause? No, research shows hormone therapy doesn’t consistently reduce anxiety; benefits vary based on individual factors.
  • What are the option treatments for anxiety during menopause? Lifestyle changes such as exercise, diet, stress management, and therapy can be effective, alongside medical interventions.
  • Is oral estrogen more effective for anxiety than other forms of hormone therapy? The research suggests that oral estrogen may show greater promise, but more study is needed.
  • When should I talk to my doctor about anxiety during menopause? If you’re experiencing persistent or worsening anxiety symptoms, it’s essential to consult your doctor for a comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment plan.

What are your thoughts on the findings of this study? Do you have experience with managing anxiety during menopause? Share your story in the comments below!


How does the timing of MHT initiation – specifically, starting during perimenopause versus after menopause – influence its effectiveness in managing anxiety?

Menopause Hormone Therapy and Its Inconsistent Effects on Anxiety: Insights from a New Review

understanding the menopause-Anxiety connection

Menopause, a natural biological process marking the end of reproductive years, is often accompanied by a range of physical and psychological symptoms. While hot flashes and sleep disturbances are widely recognized, the impact on mental health, notably anxiety, is increasingly understood.Recent research highlights a complex relationship, and a new review sheds light on why menopause hormone therapy (MHT) doesn’t consistently alleviate anxiety symptoms. This article delves into these findings, exploring the nuances of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and its effects on menopausal anxiety.

The ReviewS Key findings: Why the Variability?

A complete review published in the Journal of Women’s Health (October 2025) analyzed data from 30 studies involving over 5,000 women undergoing menopause.The core finding? MHT’s impact on anxiety is highly variable. Several factors contribute to this inconsistency:

* Timing is crucial: Initiating MHT during the perimenopause transition – the years leading up to menopause – appears to be more effective in preventing anxiety onset than starting it years after menopause has begun. This suggests a critical window of chance for hormonal intervention.

* Type of Hormone Therapy Matters: The review distinguished between estrogen-only therapy and combined estrogen-progesterone therapy. Estrogen therapy showed a slightly more positive effect on anxiety in women without a history of depression, while combined therapy showed no meaningful benefit and, in certain specific cases, a potential for increased anxiety.

* Individual Vulnerability: Pre-existing mental health conditions, such as a history of depression, generalized anxiety disorder, or panic disorder, considerably influence the response to MHT.Women with these conditions may experience little to no improvement, or even a worsening of symptoms.

* Dosage and Delivery Method: The dosage of hormones and the method of delivery (pills, patches, creams, etc.) also play a role. Lower doses and transdermal (patch) delivery might potentially be associated with fewer side effects and potentially better anxiety outcomes.

* Vasomotor Symptoms (VMS) as a Mediator: The review suggests that a significant portion of anxiety relief observed with MHT might potentially be indirect, stemming from the reduction of disruptive menopause symptoms like hot flashes and night sweats. When VMS are well-controlled, anxiety levels often decrease, regardless of the direct hormonal effect.

Hormonal Fluctuations and Neurotransmitters: The Biological Link

The link between fluctuating hormones and anxiety isn’t simply anecdotal. Estrogen influences several neurotransmitter systems in the brain known to regulate mood:

* Serotonin: Estrogen enhances serotonin activity, a neurotransmitter crucial for mood regulation. Declining estrogen levels during menopause can lead to serotonin deficiencies, contributing to anxiety and depression.

* GABA: estrogen also impacts GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter that promotes relaxation. Reduced GABA activity is linked to increased anxiety.

* Cortisol: Menopause can disrupt the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to increased cortisol production – the “stress hormone.” Chronic cortisol elevation is a hallmark of anxiety disorders.

However, the interplay is complex. Hormone therapy doesn’t always “fix” these imbalances, and individual brain chemistry varies significantly. This explains why some women benefit while others don’t.

Beyond Hormones: A Holistic Approach to Managing Menopausal Anxiety

Given the inconsistent effects of MHT on anxiety, a comprehensive, multi-faceted approach is essential. Here are evidence-based strategies:

* Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT is a highly effective therapy for anxiety, teaching coping mechanisms and challenging negative thought patterns. Specifically tailored CBT for menopause is becoming increasingly available.

* Mindfulness and Meditation: Practices like mindfulness and meditation can reduce stress, improve emotional regulation, and alleviate anxiety symptoms.

* Regular Exercise: Physical activity releases endorphins, natural mood boosters, and can significantly reduce anxiety. aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week.

* Healthy Diet: A balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains supports overall mental health. Limit processed foods, sugar, and caffeine, which can exacerbate anxiety.

* Sleep Hygiene: Prioritize sleep. Establish a regular sleep schedule, create a relaxing bedtime routine, and ensure a dark, quiet sleep environment. Addressing sleep disturbances in menopause is critical.

* Social Support: Connecting with friends, family, or support groups can provide emotional support and reduce feelings of isolation.

Case Study: Illustrating Individual Variability

A 52-year-old patient,”Sarah,” presented with moderate anxiety and frequent hot flashes. She began estrogen-only MHT.While her hot flashes significantly improved, her anxiety remained unchanged.Further inquiry

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Health

Cigna Suspends Downcoding Practices Temporarily: What It Means for Patients and Providers

by Dr. Priya Deshmukh - Senior Editor, Health
written by Dr. Priya Deshmukh - Senior Editor, Health


Cigna Pauses Automatic Downcoding Policy After Criticism

cigna Pauses Automatic Downcoding Policy After Criticism

Table of Contents


Cigna has agreed to temporarily halt its automatic downcoding practice – known as Evaluation and Management (E/M) Coding and Accuracy Policy (R49) – beginning October 1, 2025. This decision arrives after concerted advocacy from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) and other prominent medical groups.

The policy, which sparked widespread concern among healthcare providers, involved automatically adjusting the billing codes for medical services, perhaps leading to lower reimbursement rates. professionals argued this practice could impede thorough patient evaluation and management, notably for individuals with complex conditions like sleep disorders.

Concerns Raised by Sleep medicine Experts

The AASM, in a direct interaction to Cigna, underscored the specific challenges this downcoding would pose for patients needing treatment for sleep-related issues. Thay contended that it could disrupt established pathways of care, create financial burdens for patients, and generate confusion regarding billing procedures. Additionally, the AASM highlighted concerns for sleep medicine practitioners, emphasizing the increased administrative workload, potential devaluation of their expertise, and the possible detrimental effects on the sustainability of the field.

A key point of contention was the lack of transparency surrounding the algorithms Cigna intended to utilize for downcoding decisions. Without clear criteria, providers feared arbitrary adjustments to their claims.

Did You No? According to a report by the American Medical Association, prior authorization and coding-related administrative burdens cost physicians over $27.7 billion annually.

what’s Next?

While Cigna’s pause is a welcome step, it remains temporary. The AASM is urging its members, and other stakeholders, to continue voicing their concerns directly to Cigna. A template letter is available for download to facilitate this process,and providers are encouraged to utilize Cigna’s provider portal to express their viewpoints and advocate for complete elimination of the policy.

The AASM has pledged to closely monitor the situation and provide ongoing updates as they become available. Individuals with specific questions are directed to contact [email protected] for further assistance.

Issue Details
Policy Name Evaluation and Management (E/M) Coding and Accuracy Policy (R49)
Effective Pause Date October 1, 2025
Advocacy Group American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM)
Primary Concern Automatic downcoding of medical claims.

Understanding Medical Coding and Downcoding

Medical coding is the process of transforming diagnoses,procedures,medical services,and equipment into worldwide medical alphanumeric codes. these codes are used for billing purposes and to track health statistics.Downcoding occurs when an insurance company assigns a lower-level code to a service than what the provider believes is appropriate, resulting in reduced reimbursement.

Pro Tip: Keep detailed records of your medical services and diagnoses to advocate for accurate billing and coding.

The rise of automated systems in healthcare introduces both efficiencies and risks. While automation can streamline administrative tasks, it also requires careful oversight to prevent errors and ensure fair practices.the increasing reliance on algorithms raises questions about transparency and accountability in healthcare billing.

Frequently Asked Questions About Cigna’s Downcoding Policy

  • What is ‘downcoding’ and why is it a concern? downcoding is when an insurance company assigns a lower-level code to a medical service,reducing reimbursement. This can impact both providers and patients.
  • What is Cigna’s Evaluation and Management (E/M) Coding and Accuracy Policy (R49)? This policy involved automatically adjusting medical billing codes, which healthcare professionals believed would lead to lower payments.
  • What is the AASM’s role in this issue? The American Academy of Sleep Medicine has been actively advocating against the downcoding policy, raising concerns about its impact on patient care and provider sustainability.
  • Is the policy permanently cancelled? No, Cigna has only temporarily paused the policy. Continued advocacy is needed.
  • What can healthcare providers do to express their concerns? Providers are encouraged to use the AASM’s template letter and contact Cigna through the provider portal.

What are your thoughts on Cigna’s decision? Share your perspective and join the conversation in the comments below.

What specific steps should providers take to ensure accurate coding and documentation practices are maintained during and after Cigna’s temporary suspension?

Cigna Suspends Downcoding Practices Temporarily: What It Means for Patients and Providers

Understanding the Suspension of Downcoding

Cigna,a major health insurance provider,has recently announced a temporary suspension of certain downcoding practices. this decision impacts both patients and healthcare providers, and understanding the implications is crucial. Downcoding, in essence, is the practice of billing for a less expensive service than the one actually provided. While not always illegal, aggressive downcoding can lead to reduced reimbursement for providers and perhaps, limited access to care for patients. This temporary halt signals a shift in Cigna’s approach, at least for the time being.

What is Downcoding and Why Does It Happen?

Downcoding occurs when an insurer assigns a Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code that results in lower payment than the code that accurately reflects the service delivered. several factors can contribute to this:

* Administrative Errors: Simple mistakes in coding or processing claims.

* Lack of Medical Necessity Documentation: insufficient documentation supporting the billed service.

* Contractual Disputes: Disagreements between insurers and providers regarding appropriate coding.

* Intentional Downcoding: A deliberate attempt to reduce costs by systematically assigning lower-level codes. This is were ethical and legal concerns arise.

Impact on Healthcare Providers

The suspension of downcoding practices offers a potential reprieve for providers who have been facing revenue challenges due to these practices.Here’s a breakdown of the key effects:

* Increased Reimbursement Rates: Providers should expect to recieve more accurate and potentially higher reimbursement for services rendered, assuming appropriate coding and documentation are in place.

* Reduced Administrative Burden: Less time spent appealing downcoded claims translates to reduced administrative costs and staff workload. Claim denials and appeals are costly and time-consuming.

* Improved Cash Flow: faster and more accurate payments can improve a practice’s cash flow, allowing for better resource allocation and investment in patient care.

* Focus on Patient Care: With less focus on battling claim denials,providers can dedicate more time and resources to direct patient care.

Documentation remains Key

while Cigna has suspended these practices, proper documentation is still paramount. providers must ensure:

  1. Detailed Patient Records: Comprehensive notes outlining the services provided, medical necessity, and justification for the chosen CPT codes.
  2. Accurate Coding: Utilizing the most accurate and specific CPT codes that reflect the services delivered.
  3. Compliance with Guidelines: staying up-to-date with Cigna’s coding guidelines and policies.
  4. Pre-Authorization When Required: Obtaining pre-authorization for services that require it.

Impact on Patients: What You Need to Know

The suspension of downcoding practices should ultimately benefit patients, although the effects may be less direct.

* Continued Access to Care: By ensuring providers are adequately reimbursed, the suspension helps maintain a stable healthcare system and prevents potential disruptions in access to care.

* Potential for Higher Quality Care: Financially stable practices are better equipped to invest in advanced technologies,attract qualified staff,and offer a wider range of services.

* Openness in Billing: Patients may experience greater transparency in billing as providers are less likely to be forced to absorb costs due to downcoding.

* Reduced Balance Billing (Potentially): While not a direct result, more accurate reimbursement can reduce the likelihood of providers needing to balance bill patients.

Patient Advocacy & Understanding Your Bill

Patients play a vital role in ensuring accurate billing. Consider these steps:

* Review Your Explanation of Benefits (EOB): Carefully examine your EOB to ensure the services listed match those you received.

* Question Discrepancies: If you notice any discrepancies, contact your provider’s office and Cigna directly.

* Understand Your Coverage: Familiarize yourself with your health insurance plan’s coverage details and limitations.

* Keep Records: Maintain copies of your medical bills and EOBs for your records.

The Role of Cigna Global Health

For individuals and families utilizing Cigna Global Health, notably those living abroad [https://www.cignaglobalhealth.com/eu/en/individuals/overview], understanding these changes is even more critical. International healthcare billing can be complex, and accurate coding is essential for seamless claim processing. Cigna Global Health’s commitment to meeting international healthcare needs means they should be actively adapting to these changes to ensure thier members receive appropriate coverage.

What Triggered the Suspension?

While Cigna hasn’t explicitly stated the sole reason for the suspension, several factors likely contributed:

* Increased Scrutiny: Regulatory bodies and advocacy groups have been increasingly scrutinizing downcoding practices.

* Provider Pushback: Widespread complaints from healthcare providers regarding unfair reimbursement practices.

* Legal challenges: Potential legal challenges related to downcoding and its impact on patient care.

* Public Relations: Negative publicity surrounding downcoding practices can damage an insurer’s reputation.

Looking Ahead: Is this a Permanent Change?

The suspension is currently temporary. The duration and ultimate outcome remain uncertain. It’s crucial for both providers and patients to stay informed about any updates from Cigna. Monitoring industry news, attending relevant webinars, and engaging with professional organizations are all valuable strategies. The future

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AASM Survey Seeks Insights from Ear, Nose, and Throat Specialists on Sleep Medicine Practices

by Dr. Priya Deshmukh - Senior Editor, Health
written by Dr. Priya Deshmukh - Senior Editor, Health

AASM Launches Survey for Ear, Nose, and Throat Specialists

Table of Contents


The American Academy of Sleep Medicine has initiated a crucial survey aimed at Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) specialists. The purpose of this initiative is to comprehensively evaluate existing needs regarding registry systems and to accurately determine the current level of interest in potential future registries.

Active members of the AASM who have designated themselves as ENT specialists within thier membership profiles will receive the survey directly from the AASM Quality Team. The survey period will commence on October 1st and remain open for responses throughout the entire month of October, concluding on October 31st.

All submitted responses will undergo careful review by designated AASM staff and leadership personnel. This thorough assessment will inform subsequent decisions and actions related to registry progress. It’s critically important to note that all responses will be treated with strict confidentiality and shared only with individuals directly involved in the evaluation process.

Individuals with questions or seeking additional information concerning this important member survey are encouraged to contact the AASM Quality Team. They can be reached directly via email at [email protected].

Survey details at a Glance

Key detail Information
Survey Focus Registry needs and interest among ENT specialists
Target Audience AASM members identifying as ENT specialists
Survey Period October 1 – October 31
Contact [email protected]

Did You Know? Sleep-disordered breathing, often diagnosed and treated by ENT specialists, affects an estimated 22 million Americans, according to the National Sleep Foundation.

Pro Tip: Regular participation in professional surveys like this one helps shape the future direction of your field and ensures resources are allocated effectively to meet the evolving needs of specialists.

What role do you believe robust registry systems play in advancing the field of sleep medicine? How critically important is collaboration between different medical specialties in improving patient care?

The Growing Importance of Registries in Healthcare

Healthcare registries are systematically collecting data on individuals with specific conditions or treatments.They are becoming increasingly vital tools for understanding disease prevalence, evaluating treatment effectiveness, and improving patient outcomes. This is especially true in the specialized field of sleep medicine, where conditions are often complex and require interdisciplinary collaboration.

Registries facilitate research, quality improvement initiatives, and public health surveillance. They allow healthcare professionals to track trends, identify best practices, and ultimately provide more informed and personalized care. The american Academy of Sleep Medicine’s focus on gathering input from ENT specialists underscores the critical link between airway health and sleep quality.

According to a 2024 report by the Agency for Healthcare research and Quality (AHRQ), the use of data registries has increased by 35% in the past five years, demonstrating a growing commitment to data-driven healthcare.

Frequently Asked Questions About the AASM ENT Specialist Survey

  • What is the primary goal of the AASM ENT survey? The survey aims to understand the needs of ENT specialists regarding registry systems and to gauge their interest in future registry development.
  • Who is eligible to participate in the survey? Only active AASM members who have identified themselves as ENT specialists in their membership profile will receive the survey.
  • What is the deadline for submitting responses? The survey will be open from October 1st to October 31st.
  • how will the survey results be used? The results will be reviewed by AASM staff and leadership to inform decisions about future registry initiatives.
  • Is my response confidential? Yes, all responses will be kept confidential and shared only with necessary personnel.
  • Where can I find more information about the survey? You can contact the AASM Quality team at [email protected].
  • What benefits do healthcare registries provide? Registries help improve patient care, facilitate research, and track disease prevalence.

Share your thoughts! What are the biggest challenges facing ENT specialists in the field of sleep medicine? Leave a comment below.


What percentage of yoru patient referrals are for suspected sleep-related breathing disorders?

AASM Survey Seeks Insights from Ear, Nose, and Throat Specialists on Sleep Medicine Practices

Teh growing Intersection of ENT and Sleep Medicine

The American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) has launched a crucial survey targeting Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) specialists, also known as otolaryngologists, to better understand their involvement in sleep medicine and identify opportunities for improved patient care. This initiative recognizes the increasingly vital role ENTs play in diagnosing and treating sleep disorders, especially those with anatomical contributions. The survey aims to gather data on current practices, challenges faced, and perceived needs within the field. Understanding thes perspectives is paramount for advancing sleep health across the board.

Why ENTs are Key to Effective Sleep Disorder management

Traditionally, sleep medicine was largely the domain of neurologists and pulmonologists. Though, a significant proportion of sleep apnea, snoring, and other obstructive sleep disorders originate from anatomical issues within the upper airway – areas directly within the ENT’s expertise.

Here’s how ENTs contribute to extensive sleep disorder treatment:

* Diagnosis of Upper Airway Obstruction: ENTs are skilled in identifying structural abnormalities like enlarged tonsils, deviated septums, and nasal polyps that contribute to airway blockage.

* Surgical interventions: Procedures like uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP), septoplasty, and turbinate reduction are frequently performed by ENTs to widen the airway and improve breathing during sleep.

* Collaboration with Sleep Specialists: Effective sleep apnea treatment often requires a multidisciplinary approach,with ENTs working closely with sleep physicians to determine the best course of action.

* Evaluation of Pediatric Sleep Disorders: ENTs are frequently enough the first point of contact for parents concerned about snoring in children or suspected pediatric sleep apnea, frequently linked to enlarged adenoids and tonsils.

Key Areas the AASM Survey Addresses

The AASM survey delves into several critical areas concerning ENT involvement in sleep medicine.These include:

Current Practice Patterns

* Frequency of Sleep Disorder Referrals: How often are ENTs receiving referrals for patients with suspected sleep-related breathing disorders?

* Types of Sleep Studies Ordered/Interpreted: Do ENTs routinely order or interpret polysomnography (PSG), home sleep apnea tests (HSAT), or other sleep diagnostic tests?

* Surgical Procedures Performed: What types of surgical interventions are ENTs performing for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and other sleep-related conditions?

* Use of Advanced Diagnostic Tools: are ENTs utilizing technologies like drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) to assess airway collapsibility?

Challenges Faced by ENT Specialists

* Reimbursement Issues: Are there challenges with insurance coverage for sleep medicine procedures performed by ENTs?

* Lack of Training: Do ENTs feel adequately trained in the principles of sleep medicine and the interpretation of sleep study results?

* Coordination of Care: Are there difficulties in coordinating care with sleep specialists and other healthcare providers?

* Access to Sleep Studies: Is there adequate access to timely and affordable sleep testing in their region?

Perceived Needs and Opportunities

* Continuing Medical Education (CME): What types of CME programs would be most beneficial for ENTs seeking to enhance their knowledge of sleep medicine?

* Development of Clinical guidelines: Are there specific clinical guidelines that would help ENTs provide optimal care for patients with sleep disorders?

* Improved Collaboration: How can collaboration between ENTs and sleep specialists be strengthened?

* Research Opportunities: What areas of sleep medicine research are of particular interest to ENTs?

The Role of DISE in Modern Sleep Disorder Evaluation

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) is gaining prominence as a valuable tool for ENTs evaluating patients with obstructive sleep apnea. This procedure involves administering a sedative to induce sleep and then using a flexible endoscope to visualize the upper airway during breathing. DISE helps identify the specific sites of airway collapse, guiding surgical planning and improving treatment outcomes. ENTs are increasingly adopting DISE to personalize sleep apnea surgery and maximize its effectiveness.

Benefits of the AASM Survey for ENT Specialists & Patients

The data collected from this AASM survey will have far-reaching benefits:

* Improved Patient Care: A better understanding of ENT involvement in sleep medicine will lead to more effective and coordinated care for patients with sleep disorders.

* Enhanced Training Opportunities: the survey results can inform the development of targeted CME programs to address knowledge gaps and improve ENT expertise in sleep medicine.

* Advocacy for Policy changes: The AASM can use the survey data to advocate for policies that support ENT participation in sleep medicine and improve access to care.

* Advancement of Research: The survey can identify areas where further research is needed to improve the diagnosis and treatment of sleep-related breathing disorders.

Real-World Example: Collaborative Care Success

A recent case at a leading sleep center demonstrated the power of ENT-

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Cannabis vs. Tablets: Long-Term Effectiveness for Insomnia Treatment

by Dr. Priya Deshmukh - Senior Editor, Health
written by Dr. Priya Deshmukh - Senior Editor, Health

Medical Cannabis Shows Promise in Treating Chronic Insomnia, Study finds

Table of Contents

September 3, 2025 – 10:56 PM

London, England – A significant portion of the adult population grapples with persistent Sleep problems, and a new study suggests that medical cannabis may offer a viable alternative to customary treatments.


The Challenge of Chronic Insomnia

Approximately one-third of people regularly experience Sleep disturbances, with roughly ten percent meeting the clinical criteria for chronic insomnia. While sleeping pills are commonly prescribed, they are not always effective and can carry a risk of dependence. This has prompted researchers to explore alternative therapies, with medical cannabis emerging as a potential solution.

Study Details and Findings

Researchers at imperial College London conducted a study involving 124 individuals diagnosed with clinical insomnia. Over an 18-month period, participants received medical cannabis as a treatment. The results revealed significant improvements in both Sleep quality and duration. Participants also reported reductions in symptoms of anxiety and depression, as well as decreased pain levels.

However, the treatment wasn’t without side effects. approximately nine percent of participants experienced adverse reactions, including fatigue and dry mouth.

“This long-term study provided valuable insights beyond typical patient outcomes seen in short-term trials. Observing potential tolerance development over time highlights the importance of ongoing monitoring and personalized treatment approaches,” stated a lead researcher involved in the study.

Cannabis as an Alternative to Sleeping Pills?

The findings suggest that cannabis-based medicines could potentially replace conventional sleeping pills, notably for patients who haven’t responded well to traditional therapies. Further clinical trials are necesary to confirm the safety and efficacy of cannabis in treating insomnia, but the initial results are encouraging.

Understanding Cannabis and Sleep

Cannabis contains compounds called cannabinoids, such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). These compounds interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system, which plays a role in regulating Sleep, mood, and pain. The specific effects of cannabis on Sleep can vary depending on the dose, strain, and individual factors.

Factor Impact on Insomnia Treatment
Dose Higher doses may induce more pronounced sedative effects.
strain Indica strains are often associated with relaxation and Sleep.
Individual Factors Tolerance, metabolism, and pre-existing conditions can all influence outcomes.

Did You Know? studies have shown that CBD may help reduce anxiety, a common contributor to insomnia.

Pro Tip: If considering cannabis for insomnia, consult with a healthcare professional to determine the appropriate dosage and strain.

The Growing Acceptance of Cannabis for Medical Uses

The use of cannabis for medical purposes has been gaining acceptance worldwide. Several countries and states have legalized medical cannabis, allowing patients access to a range of cannabis-based products for conditions such as chronic pain, epilepsy, and multiple sclerosis.As research continues to uncover the potential benefits of cannabis, its role in healthcare is likely to expand.

long-Term Considerations for Cannabis Use

While cannabis shows promise for treating various conditions, it’s crucial to consider potential long-term effects. These include the development of tolerance, psychological dependence, and potential cognitive impairment. Responsible use and careful monitoring are essential to minimize these risks.

Frequently Asked Questions About Cannabis and Insomnia


Are you considering cannabis as a potential treatment for your insomnia? What questions do you have for your healthcare provider?

Share your thoughts and experiences in the comments below!

What are the potential risks associated with long-term use of benzodiazepines for insomnia?

Cannabis vs. Tablets: Long-Term effectiveness for Insomnia Treatment

Understanding Chronic Insomnia & Treatment Approaches

Chronic insomnia, defined as difficulty falling or staying asleep at least three nights a week for three months or longer, impacts millions. While occasional sleeplessness is common, persistent insomnia considerably affects daily functioning, mood, and overall health. Treatment options broadly fall into two categories: pharmaceutical interventions (sleeping tablets) and alternative therapies, including cannabis. This article explores the long-term effectiveness of both approaches, considering benefits, risks, and current research. We’ll focus on long-term insomnia solutions and chronic sleep disorder management.

Sleeping Tablets: A deep Dive

Sleeping tablets, often categorized as hypnotics, are designed to induce sleep. Common types include:

Benzodiazepines: (e.g., temazepam, diazepam) – Historically popular, now less frequently prescribed due to higher risk of dependence and side effects.

Non-Benzodiazepine Hypnotics (Z-drugs): (e.g., zolpidem, zaleplon) – Designed to be more selective in their action, theoretically reducing dependence risk, but still carry potential for side effects.

Melatonin Receptor Agonists: (e.g., ramelteon) – Mimic the effects of melatonin, a natural sleep hormone.

Antidepressants with Sedating Effects: (e.g.,trazodone,amitriptyline) – Frequently enough used off-label for insomnia,particularly when co-occurring with depression or anxiety.

Long-Term Effectiveness & Concerns:

While effective in the short-term, the long-term effectiveness of sleeping tablets is frequently enough limited. Tolerance can develop, requiring higher doses to achieve the same effect. This increases the risk of:

  1. Dependence: Psychological and physical dependence are important concerns, leading to withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation.
  2. Side Effects: Daytime drowsiness,dizziness,cognitive impairment,and complex sleep behaviors (sleepwalking,sleep-eating) are common.
  3. Rebound Insomnia: Insomnia can return worse than before when medication is stopped.
  4. Underlying Cause Neglect: Tablets often mask the symptoms of insomnia without addressing the root cause – be it stress,anxiety,depression,or poor sleep hygiene. Treating insomnia symptoms is different than treating insomnia causes.

Cannabis for Insomnia: Exploring the Evidence

The use of cannabis for insomnia is gaining attention, particularly with increasing legalization. Cannabinoids, like THC and CBD, interact with the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which plays a role in regulating sleep, mood, and pain.

how Cannabis May Help:

THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol): Can have sedative effects,possibly reducing sleep latency (time to fall asleep). however,high doses can disrupt sleep architecture.

CBD (Cannabidiol): Generally non-intoxicating, CBD may reduce anxiety and promote relaxation, indirectly improving sleep.

Terpenes: Aromatic compounds in cannabis that contribute to its effects. Some terpenes, like myrcene and linalool, are known for their sedative properties.

Long-Term Effectiveness & Considerations:

Research on the long-term effectiveness of cannabis for insomnia is still evolving. New Zealand’s 2020 referendum, as summarized by the Prime Minister’s Chief Science Advisor https://www.pmcsa.ac.nz/topics/cannabis/cannabis-at-a-glance/, highlighted the complexities of assessing cannabis’s impact.

variability: Effects vary significantly based on strain,dosage,method of consumption,and individual physiology.

Potential side effects: Anxiety, paranoia, impaired cognitive function, and potential for dependence (particularly with high-THC strains) are possible.

Sleep Architecture Disruption: THC can suppress REM sleep, which is crucial for cognitive function and emotional processing.

Legal Status: The legal status of cannabis varies widely, impacting access and research opportunities. Medical cannabis for sleep is becoming more accessible in some regions.

Cannabis vs. Tablets: A Comparative Look

| Feature | Sleeping Tablets | Cannabis |

|—|—|—|

| Short-Term Effectiveness | High | Moderate to High (depending on strain/dosage) |

| Long-Term Effectiveness | Limited, tolerance develops | Variable, more research needed |

| Dependence Risk | High (benzodiazepines, Z-drugs) | Moderate (THC-dominant strains) |

| Side Effects | Daytime drowsiness, cognitive impairment, rebound insomnia | Anxiety, paranoia, impaired cognition, REM sleep suppression |

| Addressing Root Cause | Typically does not | May address underlying anxiety/pain contributing to insomnia |

| Accessibility | generally readily available with prescription | Varies based on legal status |

Beyond Medication: Holistic Approaches to Insomnia

Regardless of whether you consider sleeping tablets or cannabis, a holistic approach to insomnia is crucial. This includes:

**Cognitive Behavioral

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