Mexico and the European Union are bolstering their security cooperation, a move described by observers as a transparent approach to addressing shared challenges. This renewed partnership comes as both entities navigate a complex geopolitical environment, seeking to de-risk supply chains, secure critical raw materials and combat transnational organized crime. The collaboration, formalized through a modernized Global Agreement, signifies a deepening of ties beyond traditional economic partnerships.
The modernized agreement, concluded in January 2025 following engagement between EU Commissioner for Trade and Economic Security Maroš Šefčovič and Mexican Secretary of Economy Marcelo Ebrard, aims to create latest economic opportunities while simultaneously promoting shared values and progressive rules on sustainable development. A key focus of the agreement is tackling corruption in both the public and private sectors, a critical component in fostering a stable and secure environment for investment and trade. The EU and Mexico jointly aim to promote and protect human rights, multilateralism, and international peace and security, reflecting a commitment to a rules-based international order.
A Modernized Framework for Collaboration
The updated Global Agreement builds upon existing diplomatic relations, which were formalized with the signing of the Global Cooperation Agreement in 1997 and further strengthened through a Strategic Partnership established in 2008. This partnership has already fostered collaboration across political, security, environmental, and socio-economic issues. The recent modernization reflects a desire to adapt to “fast-changing realities,” including the need to address climate change and secure sustainable supply chains. According to the European Commission, the agreement will also support the competitiveness of businesses on both sides while advancing the shared goal of achieving a net-zero economy.
Strategic cooperation is a central tenet of the agreement, with a particular emphasis on de-risking supply chains and securing access to critical raw materials. This is increasingly significant as geopolitical tensions rise and the global economy becomes more interconnected. The EU and Mexico also plan to reinforce engagement on sustainable development, transnational organized crime, migration, and gender equality, demonstrating a holistic approach to security and prosperity. President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, stated that the deal will deliver for “prosperity and economic security, as well as climate action and sustainable development.”
Beyond Economics: Security and Geopolitical Alignment
The security dimension of the renewed partnership is particularly noteworthy. While details of specific security initiatives remain largely undisclosed, the agreement facilitates cooperation on key geopolitical issues. This includes addressing transnational organized crime, a significant challenge for both Mexico and the EU. The agreement’s emphasis on transparency in this area – likened to playing poker with open cards – suggests a willingness to openly address challenges and build trust.
This collaboration also comes at a time of shifting priorities in international relations. The recent leadership changes in both Mexico, with the election of Claudia Sheinbaum, and the EU, with Ursula von der Leyen’s reappointment as Commission President, present an opportunity for a renewed strategic partnership. However, navigating the priorities of a new American administration and addressing historical tensions, such as those related to colonial legacy, will be crucial for sustained success. A dispute between Spain and Mexico, stemming from Mexico’s decision not to invite the King of Spain to Sheinbaum’s inauguration, highlights the potential for historical tensions to strain relations, potentially impacting economic ties and security cooperation.
In 2023, the EU and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean (CELAC) States signed a declaration with ambitious commitments, signaling a renewed commitment to collaboration. Mexico, positioned as a “versatile Latin American bridge” between North and South America, is well-positioned to lead in fulfilling these goals.
The EU has already demonstrated its commitment to regional development by reaffirming its support for the Comprehensive Development Plan between El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Mexico, mobilizing 7 million euros for the initiative. Further resources and synergies for the region are being explored through existing cooperation mechanisms.
As the EU and Mexico move forward with implementing the modernized Global Agreement, the focus will be on translating ambitious commitments into concrete actions. The success of this partnership will depend on continued dialogue, mutual trust, and a shared commitment to addressing the complex challenges facing both regions. The next steps will involve detailed implementation plans and ongoing monitoring of progress in key areas, including trade, security, and sustainable development.
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