The Brain’s Enhanced Perception: Scientists Propose Seven Senses Instead of Five

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October 9, 2025

Moscow, Russia – A groundbreaking mathematical model of memory developed by scientists at Skoltech is challenging conventional wisdom about human perception. The research suggests that the human brain may actually perform at its best with more than the traditionally recognized five senses, possibly benefiting both artificial intelligence development and our essential understanding of how we remember.

The Seven-Sense Threshold

The study, recently completed by a team of researchers, proposes that an optimal number of sensory inputs exists to maximize the brain’s ability to create and retain distinct memories.Their calculations indicate that seven features, or senses, provide the ideal capacity for conceptual understanding. This suggests that our current five senses – sight, smell, taste, touch, and hearing – might be insufficient for truly maximizing cognitive potential.

Professor Nikolay Brilliantov of Skoltech AI, a co-author of the study, explained that while applying these findings directly to human evolution is speculative, the implications for Artificial Intelligence are significant. “It appears that when each concept retained in memory is characterized in terms of seven features, the number of distinct objects held in memory is maximized,” he stated.

Understanding Memory Engrams

The research builds upon a century-old framework that views memory as being built from “engrams”-networks of neurons that activate together to represent a concept. these engrams aren’t monolithic; they’re complex, multi-dimensional representations. Think of remembering a banana. It’s not just the visual appearance, but also the smell, taste, texture, and even the sound of peeling it. each of these sensory details contributes a dimension to that memory’s engram.

The model demonstrates that these engrams evolve over time, becoming more defined with repeated exposure or fading with neglect. this process mirrors how learning occurs and memories are forgotten. “We have mathematically demonstrated that the engrams in the conceptual space tend to evolve toward a steady state,” Brilliantov added,”which then persists in time.”

The Role of Dimensionality

Researchers persistent that maximizing the capacity of this ‘conceptual space’ – the mental realm were these engrams reside – hinges on its dimensionality.After extensive calculations, they found that seven dimensions proved to be the sweet spot for storing the greatest number of distinct memories. This number, remarkably, appears to be consistent regardless of the specifics of the model used.

Number of Features (Senses)	memory Capacity
5	Suboptimal
7	Optimal
8+	Diminishing Returns

Did You Know? The concept of engrams was first proposed by karl Lashley in the 1950s, who theorized that memories were distributed throughout the brain, not localized in single areas.

The researchers acknowledge a caveat: when multiple, overlapping engrams represent similar concepts, they are counted as a single memory for the purpose of capacity calculations. Nevertheless, the core finding – the optimal number of seven – remains consistent.

This research underscores the intricate relationship between perception, memory, and consciousness. Further theoretical advances in memory modeling promise deeper insights into the human mind and will be essential for creating Artificial Intelligence systems capable of truly human-like cognitive abilities.

The Future of Memory Research

The quest to understand memory continues to be a central focus in neuroscience and AI. Current research,as of late 2024,is increasingly focused on the role of glial cells in memory formation and the potential for optogenetics to manipulate specific memories (Source: Nature). Understanding how memories are encoded, stored, and retrieved is crucial not only for treating memory disorders like Alzheimer’s disease but also for developing more elegant AI algorithms.

Pro Tip: Regularly engaging in activities that stimulate multiple senses – such as cooking, gardening, or playing a musical instrument – may help strengthen memory pathways and enhance cognitive function.

Frequently Asked Questions About Memory and Senses

• What is a memory engram? A memory engram is a physical portrayal of a memory in the brain, formed by a network of activated neurons.
• Why is seven considered the optimal number of senses? Mathematical modeling suggests that a conceptual space with seven dimensions maximizes the number of distinct memories that can be stored.
• Could humans evolve additional senses? While speculative, the research suggests it’s not impossible, and future humans might develop sensitivity to stimuli like radiation or magnetic fields.
• How does this research impact Artificial Intelligence? The findings could inform the design of AI systems with more efficient and robust memory structures.
• What is the relationship between senses and learning? Sensory input triggers engrams, and repeated stimulation strengthens these connections, leading to learning and long-term memory formation.
• Does the size of engrams affect memory capacity? Multiple engrams representing similar concepts are treated as a single memory when calculating capacity, meaning size impacts the overall perceived number of memories.
• What are the practical applications of this memory model? This model can help in developing treatments for memory loss and creating more efficient algorithms for artificial intelligence.

What do you think – could humans benefit from having more than five senses? Share your thoughts in the comments below!

What neural mechanisms are involved in perceptual binding, and how does this process contribute to a coherent perception of the world?

The Brain’s Enhanced Perception: Scientists Propose Seven Senses Rather of Five

for centuries, we’ve been taught that humans possess five senses: sight, smell, taste, touch, and hearing. But groundbreaking research in neuroscience is challenging this long-held belief, suggesting our perceptual capabilities are far more complex. Scientists are increasingly proposing a model of seven senses, acknowledging internal senses frequently enough overlooked in traditional frameworks.This shift in understanding has profound implications for how we perceive the world and even how we approach fields like virtual reality and sensory integration therapy.

Beyond the Traditional Five: Introducing the New Senses

The expansion beyond the classic five isn’t about discovering entirely new sensory organs. Instead, it’s about recognizing the complex processing happening within the brain, interpreting signals that were previously categorized as simply reflexes or internal awareness. Here’s a breakdown of the two additions:

* Proprioception (Body Awareness): Often called the “sixth sense,” proprioception is your sense of body position and movement. It’s how you no where your limbs are without looking, allowing you to walk, write, and perform countless actions without conscious thought. This internal sense relies on receptors in muscles and joints, constantly feeding details to the brain. Understanding proprioception is crucial in fields like physiotherapy and athletic training.

* Equilibrioception (Balance): This sense, sometimes referred to as the “seventh sense,” is responsible for maintaining balance and spatial orientation.It’s governed by the vestibular system in the inner ear, which detects changes in head position and movement. Disruptions to equilibrioception can lead to dizziness and balance disorders. Pilots, dancers, and gymnasts rely heavily on a well-tuned equilibrioceptive system.

How the Brain Integrates Sensory Information

The brain doesn’t process each sense in isolation. instead, it creates a unified perceptual experience by integrating information from all seven senses – and beyond. This process, known as multisensory integration, is incredibly complex.

* Neural Pathways: Sensory information travels along dedicated neural pathways to specific areas of the brain. Though, these pathways aren’t one-way streets. Ther’s constant cross-talk and feedback between different sensory areas.

* The Role of the Thalamus: The thalamus acts as a central relay station, receiving sensory input and distributing it to the appropriate cortical areas for further processing.

* Cortical processing: Different areas of the cerebral cortex are specialized for processing specific sensory information. Such as, the visual cortex processes sight, while the auditory cortex processes sound.

* Perceptual Binding: the brain then “binds” these separate sensory inputs together to create a coherent perception of the world. This binding process is thought to involve synchronized neural activity across different brain regions.

The Science Behind Sensory Expansion: Recent Research

Recent studies are shedding light on the neural mechanisms underlying these expanded sensory capabilities.

* Neuroimaging Studies: fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) and EEG (electroencephalography) studies have revealed distinct brain activity patterns associated with proprioception and equilibrioception.

* Sensory Substitution: research into sensory substitution – where information from one sense is translated into another (e.g., using sound to represent visual information) – demonstrates the brain’s remarkable plasticity and ability to adapt to altered sensory input.this has implications for assistive technologies for the visually or hearing impaired.

* Virtual Reality and Sensory Immersion: The growth of virtual reality (VR) technology is driving research into how to create more realistic and immersive sensory experiences. Accurately simulating proprioceptive and equilibrioceptive cues is crucial for preventing motion sickness and enhancing the sense of presence in VR environments.

benefits of Understanding Enhanced Perception

Recognizing the full spectrum of human senses has numerous benefits:

* Improved Healthcare: A deeper understanding of proprioception and equilibrioception can lead to more effective treatments for balance disorders,neurological conditions,and chronic pain.

* Enhanced Athletic Performance: Training programs that focus on improving proprioceptive awareness can enhance coordination, agility, and injury prevention in athletes.

* More Effective Rehabilitation: Sensory integration therapy, which aims to improve the brain’s ability to process and integrate sensory information, is used to treat a variety of conditions, including autism spectrum disorder and sensory processing disorder.

* Advancements in Technology: Designing more intuitive and user-friendly interfaces for technology, particularly in VR and robotics