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Astronomers have found an exoplanet about 1360 . away year It is very close to its star, and its clouds consist of vaporized rocks, according to an RT report.
The planet is called WASP-178b, and it orbits WASP-178, which is a star young man White, twice the mass of the Sun, in an extremely short orbit of 3.3 days Only.
And at this close, the scores rise the heat In the gaseous world, severe the heat So much so, that it’s classed as a “super-hot Jupiter,” perhaps the most dangerous type of exoplanet we know.
and identified study New Weather in this outer world has, for the first time, seen silicon monoxide (SiO) in the planet’s atmosphere, giving us insight New These are truly alien worlds.
“We still don’t have a good understanding of weather in different planetary environments,” said astrophysicist David Singh of Johns Hopkins University.
He added: “When you look at Earth, all of our weather forecasts are still fine-tuned to what we can measure, but when you go to a distant exoplanet, you have limited predictive powers because you haven’t built a general theory about how to Everything in the atmosphere works together and responds to extreme conditions.”
and planets Buyer Hot in particular is very cool and ready to study, and as the name suggests, these worlds are gas giants, like Jupiter, but they are also very hot, because they orbit in very close orbits with their stars, some of which wander in less than a day. It poses an intriguing mystery: It couldn’t have formed in its current orbit, because gravity, radiation and intense stellar winds must prevent the gas from clumping together.
However, more than 300 hot Jupiters have been discovered so far, and astronomers believe they are forming away from their stars and migrating inward.
WASP-178b is about 1.4 times the mass of Jupiter and about 1.9 times its size. Affected by the heat of its star, the outer planet reaches temperatures of 2450 K (2177 degrees Celsius, or 3950 degrees Fahrenheit).
and degree the heat This is the ideal spot for detecting vaporized silicate, as theoretical studies have shown that silicon monoxide is expected to be detectable above 2000 K. A team of scientists led by Singh and colleague Josh Luthringer of Utah Valley University used the Hubble Space Telescope to obtain the spectrum of WASP-178b, and found a signal unlike any before.
According to their analysis, it turned out to be silicon and magnesium. In their paper, they wrote: “Silicon monoxide, in particular, has not been previously, to our knowledge, detected in exoplanets, but the presence of silicon monoxide in WASP-178b is consistent with theoretical predictions as the predominant species that carries silicon at high temperatures. “.
It is referred to as WASP-178b, as it is known on all planets Buyer Hot, tidal confined (orbital closure or tidal confinement) to its star, meaning that one side faces the star permanently, in perpetual day, and the other stays away at perpetual night. This results in a significant difference in the degree of the heat Between the two hemispheres of the outer planet.
On the night side of an exoplanet, it may be Atmosphere Cool enough for the vapors to condense into clouds falling deep into the atmosphere, before returning to the night side where the minerals evaporate again, the researchers couldn’t see any sign of this condensation on the WASP-178b separator, the line that separates day and night.
let it go Results Suggest that silicon monoxide may be present on other exoplanets whose final observations are more obvious, WASP-76b, and if rock rain is present on an exoplanet, this could be where the appropriate to find it.
The team’s results also show that we are getting better at looking at Atmosphere mysterious to distant worlds. This bodes well when looking at exoplanets that are smaller and farther from their stars.
Loringer said: “If we can’t figure out what’s going on on a planet Buyer So hot, as we have strong, reliable observational data, we won’t have a chance to find out what happens in the weaker spectra of terrestrial exoplanets, and this is a test of our techniques that allow us to build a general understanding of physical properties such as cloud formation and atmospheric structure.”