2023-12-14 13:08:16
The research professor at the Higher Scientific Research Council (CSIC) and director of the coronavirus laboratory at the National Center for Biotechnology in Madrid, Luis Enjuanes, has highlighted the role of personalized and precision vaccination for the future, although he has opted to be “selective” due to the “high cost” that they can currently entail.
“Science and medicine are showing that personalized vaccines are viable, but we must be very selective and realistic with the objectives to form this type of vaccines,” said Enjuanes, while adding that it is “an enormous field.” , infinitive and complicated”.
During his speech at the VI Conference ‘Anticipating Future Medicine’, organized by the Observatory of Trends in Future Medicine of the Roche Institute Foundation, the expert explained that the main problem faced by this type of vaccines is economic.
“Coffee for all is a utopia and it is not good to distribute the money among many vaccines when the economic fund is not so powerful, it is better to be selective and choose groups,” Enjuanes highlighted.
Precision vaccines seek to induce a more robust and specific immune response than classic vaccines, considering not only the disease or characteristics of the pathogen, but also age, pathologies associated with immunodeficiencies or even the individual genetic characteristics of the recipient.
“Currently, the first steps are being taken and vaccines are being specialized for each person and disease. All adaptations are being implemented, but personalizing any vaccine, today, is practically impossible, it is not practical. Therefore, they must be “make groups of people who have common mutations and, from there, make different groups to get different vaccines for each subgroup,” he stressed.
In this sense, the director of the Galician Public Foundation for Genomic Medicine (Galician Health Service) and coordinator of the Genomic Medicine Group of the University of Santiago de Compostela, Ángel Carracedo, has pointed out how advances in immunology, bioinformatics, Systems biology and omics sciences have favored the development of these new types of vaccines and the design, adaptation or optimization of vaccination strategies to improve the degree of immune response taking into account different factors, through new formulations, routes of administration or the use of adjuvants.
Carracedo has been convinced that this type of precision vaccines will change the paradigm, although he agreed with Enjuanes that “their application is still limited” and has highlighted the importance of investment in translational research, as well as the necessary public collaboration. private “to advance authentic personalized precision vaccination.”
THE MEDICINE OF THE FUTURE
During the day, different experts addressed the applications of artificial intelligence in Personalized Precision Medicine, new trends in drug discovery and development.
In the first of the tables, dedicated to artificial intelligence in Personalized Precision Medicine, the deputy managing director of the Medical Informatics, Digital Strategy and Innovation Area of the La Paz University Hospital, Fernando Martín, has assessed the role of artificial intelligence, which “has revolutionized the health field.” Along these lines, he has declared that this tool has had “a great impact” in some areas such as oncology, Mendelian diseases – caused by the mutation of a gene -, pharmacogenomics, rare diseases, cardiac pathologies and neurology. .
In addition, other issues have been addressed, such as adapting the drug to each patient. In the second table, the director of the Health Research Institute of the 12 de Octubre University Hospital (Insituto i+12), Joaquín Arenas, pointed out that scientific and technological advances are transforming pharmacological research.
Information on the molecular mechanisms of diseases and the individual factors that affect their development make possible the discovery and development of new, more precise drugs, added Arenas.
Likewise, the specialist explained that precision pharmacology seeks to administer the most effective and appropriate drug for each patient, since “the response to a significant number of drugs presents great interindividual variability in its effectiveness and safety.”
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