2023-09-04 03:26:31
Xochitl Gálvez, senator and engineer of Otomi indigenous ancestry.
Photo: AFP
Next year, historic presidential elections will take place in Mexico, as the polls seem to point to a common result: a woman will be president. After six years in power, Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO) will leave his post as president with an approval rating of 58%, according to the national poll by El Financiero. To succeed it, the coalition of the Broad Front for Mexico (FAM) and the National Regeneration Movement (Morena) face each other.
In Morena there are six pre-candidates: Claudia Sheinbaum, the former head of Government of Mexico City (CDMX); Marcelo Ebrard, former chancellor; Adán Augusto López, former Secretary of the Government of Mexico; former deputy Gerardo Fernández Noroña, and former senators Ricardo Monreal and Manuel Velasco. Out of all of them, Sheinbaum seems to be the favourite. According to the Reforma newspaper survey, carried out at the end of August, the only pre-candidate has 37% of the intention to vote, followed by Ebrard, with 22%.
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For the opposition coalition, made up of the National Action Party (PAN), the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) and the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD), will go Xóchitl Gálvez, the senator and engineer of Otomi indigenous descent. Until recently, she was facing Beatriz Paredes, but the primary elections were suspended, making Gálvez an official candidate.
Sheinbaum, from the capital to the Presidency
The environmental scientist has had a restricted career in the capital, where she began her political career in 2000 as Secretary of the Environment in the AMLO administration, when she was a member of the PRD. In 2014, she joined Morena and won the government of Tlalpan, a sector of the Mexican capital.
Four years later, she became the first CDMX mayor elected by direct vote, with 47%. She left the position on June 16 of this year, with 54% approval, according to a poll by El Financiero, with the aspiration of becoming the first woman to be president of Mexico.
In his administration at CDMX, Sheinbaum highlights achievements such as investment in the subway, the new cable bus lines, scholarships for students, the creation of two public universities and three hospitals. In addition to his controversies with the accidents in the city subway, he left several pending issues: the regulation of applications such as Airbnb, which promoted evictions and gentrification in the Mexican capital; the reconstruction of more than 3,000 homes affected by the 2017 earthquake, and the construction of several train lines.
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According to Laura Valencia, a professor and researcher at the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Xochimilco unit, being the ruling party’s candidate, Sheinbaum hopes to emulate the current president, but it will be necessary to “dissociate from the previous government’s agenda, because the pending that it currently has are a lot of”.
Gálvez, ready to fight “with ovaries”
The opposition’s bet is with the computer engineer, who began her political career in 2003, invited by then-president Vicente Fox, of the PAN, to be national commissioner for the Development of Indigenous Peoples. In 2015 she was the delegation head of the Miguel Hidalgo sector of CDMX.
Three years later she became a senator with the PRD. Since Congress, she has promoted initiatives on the recognition of indigenous and Afro-Mexican rights and communities, the implementation of actions to extend the network of renewable energy sources and strategies to guarantee the population access to contraceptives and medicines for sexual health. and reproductive.
Initially she was looking to run as a candidate for the leadership of the CDMX, but a comment from AMLO was enough of an impulse for the opposition to have a candidate for the Presidency. According to Valencia, Gálvez will have to “be above the controversies that may arise within the coalition” and manage to integrate the loyalties of the parties that support it.
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How is the race for the Presidency going?
So far political alliances can only determine who their presidential candidates will be. It will only be until the third week of November when the pre-campaigns officially begin, which last 60 days. The electoral campaigns will be next year, after the registration of the candidacies, and will end on May 29.
In the polls on voting intention of Reforma and El Financiero, Sheinbaum leads with 46%, while Gálvez is between 31 and 37%. For Valencia, these results have to do with the lead that the ruling party candidate has in terms of electoral propaganda that, according to Mexican law, is prohibited. “We can say that Claudia Sheinbaum is ahead because she has a very anticipated campaign, even illegal, while Xóchitl Gálvez has little time, but the distance in the polls is not that great”, she affirms.
What will the next president face?
For Valencia, the challenges have to do with the transparency of government institutions, militarization, health policies, security and the gender agenda. The biggest problem, according to the expert, has to do with the current “paralysis” in the Legislature, due to the polarization between parties that does not allow the approval of initiatives.
Hand in hand with this are the elections in the United States. Valencia affirms that the outlook is uncertain for the future relationship between the two States, since none of the candidacies can present proposals yet and it will depend on the radicalism of the US candidates and the policies implemented by the president of the United States, Joe Biden.
Victory is not yet assured for any of the possible candidates, but they are already making history. “Looking to the future, it will be a historic election, because it will be between two women with different ideological positions, in a country where there have been no women at those levels of government,” says Valencia.
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