13 out of 15 member countries voted in favor, but China and Russia did not approve
Reducing the upper limit on North Korea’s oil imports, including the international community’s ban on tobacco exports to North Korea
(New York = Yonhap News) Correspondent Kang Geon-taek = The resolution of additional sanctions on North Korea, including reducing the upper limit on North Korea’s oil imports, did not cross the threshold of the UN Security Council.
The Security Council held a meeting at the United Nations Headquarters in New York on the same day and voted on a resolution containing such content.
The result of the vote was 13 in favor and 2 against, far exceeding the approval limit (9 votes in favor).
However, the problem was that the two countries that cast a negative vote were China and Russia, which are permanent members.
Security Council resolutions are passed only if at least 9 out of 15 members vote in favor, and at the same time, no one of the 5 permanent members opposes them.
The resolution was promoted by the United States in response to North Korea’s multiple test-fires of ballistic missiles, including intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBM), this year.
The ‘oil trigger’ clause in Security Council Resolution 2397, which states that sanctions on oil supply to North Korea should be automatically discussed if North Korea launches an ICBM, became the basis for further sanctions against North Korea.
The United States prepared a draft resolution in March and has been discussing it with members of the Security Council, and on the 25th, at the end of President Joe Biden’s trip to Korea and Japan, when North Korea fired three ballistic missiles, including an ICBM, the resolution was immediately voted on. The United States is the presidency of the Security Council in May.
The resolution, which failed to be adopted, aims to lower the upper limit on North Korea’s crude oil imports from 4 million barrels to 3 million barrels and the upper limit on refined oil imports from 500,000 barrels to 375,000 barrels, respectively.
Initially, the United States was pushing for a plan to cut the upper limit on North Korea’s crude and refined oil imports in half, but it is reported that the reduction was reduced to increase the number of votes in favor.
The resolution also prohibits North Korea from exporting mineral fuels, mineral oil (a hydrocarbon mixture obtained from petroleum), products distilled from them, and watch products and parts.
It also promoted measures to prevent the international community from exporting tobacco leaves and tobacco products to North Korea, as if aimed at North Korean leader Kim Jong-un, a smoker.
In addition, Lazarus, a hacking group known to be affiliated with North Korea’s General Bureau of Reconnaissance, Chosun Namgang Trading Company in charge of dispatching North Korean workers abroad, Haegeumgang Trading Company supporting North Korea’s military technology export, and Kim Su-il, Vietnam’s representative of the Ministry of Armaments Industry, leading the development of ballistic missiles. In addition, the addition of the asset freeze target was included in the additional sanctions.
It was stated that Haegeumgang Trading Company signed a $6 million contract with a Mozambique company to supply surface-to-air missiles, air defense radars, and portable air defense systems.
The resolution also included a ban on acquiring or facilitating the acquisition of information and communications technology or related services from North Korea.
The Security Council meeting was the first vote on sanctions against North Korea since the Security Council unanimously adopted Resolution 2397 on December 22, 2017.
Although China and Russia blocked the resolution to impose additional sanctions on North Korea, it seems likely that they will soon have to explain the reasons for exercising the veto at the UN General Assembly.
This is in response to the UN General Assembly’s unanimous adoption of a resolution last month stating that if a permanent member of the Security Council exercises veto power, the issue should be discussed at the General Assembly.
However, it is reported that the resolution is not binding and that the permanent member does not have to attend the UN General Assembly discussion.
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