2023-12-22 17:26:37
The committee has been struggling to reach an agreement for days. The US initially wanted to veto the measure, but ultimately abstained.
After days of struggle, the UN Security Council issued a resolution calling for an increase in humanitarian aid for around two million people in need in the Gaza Strip. The most powerful UN body adopted a watered-down compromise text in New York on Friday. The USA refrained from using a veto and abstained.
Since the beginning of the week, it had appeared that Washington would use its veto power to protect the interests of its ally Israel. However, massive concessions from the negotiators prevented the decision from failing at the last second. A total of 13 of the 15 countries voted for the text, with Russia abstaining along with the USA.
Humanitarian goods across all border crossings
The decision, which is binding under international law, calls on Israel to “immediately allow safe and unhindered humanitarian access” to the Gaza Strip. The conditions must also be created for a sustainable cessation of violence.
On the controversial issue of how aid supplies would be monitored, the council members agreed to appoint a responsible UN coordinator. This should also ensure that deliveries are accelerated in collaboration with all stakeholders. The Council further demands that humanitarian goods flow into the Gaza Strip through all available border crossings.
Passages deleted due to USA
However, other passages were deleted due to pressure from the USA: A paragraph that condemns “all violations of international humanitarian law, including all arbitrary attacks on civilians and civilian objects” is no longer found in the resolution. The previously requested immediate suspension of violence to enable aid deliveries is also missing.
A number of council members were dissatisfied with the text because of the significant weakening. It remains unclear how much influence the resolution will actually have. Despite its binding nature, the consequences for Israel if it is violated are likely to be manageable. The United Arab Emirates’ chief negotiator, Ambassador Lana Nusseibeh, called the text “not perfect” and stressed the need for a ceasefire to help those in need and prevent famine.
As a result of Israel’s warfare over the past ten weeks, the humanitarian situation for the more than two million people in the Gaza Strip is dramatic. A recent UN study concludes that 577,000 people in the sealed-off coastal strip fall into the most severe category of hunger. In contrast, there are currently 129,000 people in the rest of the world who are at similar risk. Almost everyone in the Gaza Strip is suffering from hunger or displacement. Israel sealed off and attacked the Gaza Strip after the horrific terrorist attack by the Islamist Hamas on October 7th.
“Shameful behavior”
The US government in particular had struggled internally for a long time when negotiating the resolution that had been introduced by the United Arab Emirates. According to reports, leading diplomats had already been prepared to abstain at the beginning of the week. But President Joe Biden initially made the decision to veto despite a conversation on Tuesday with UN Ambassador Linda Thomas-Greenfield. But then US Secretary of State Antony Blinken received further concessions in direct talks with his counterparts from the United Arab Emirates and Egypt, according to diplomats.
Russian UN Ambassador Vasily Nebenzya accused the US of “shameful, cynical and irresponsible behavior” over its negotiations outside the Council. The Chinese representative expressed his disappointment at what Beijing saw as the text being too weak – among other things because of the lack of a ceasefire demand. American Ambassador Linda Thomas-Greenfield, however, said the adopted resolution uses the full power of the UN Security Council to help the people of the Gaza Strip.
Resolution not binding
In recent weeks, two similar draft resolutions failed due to US resistance. Washington has always stood behind Israel and said that advances through a resolution could jeopardize ongoing diplomatic efforts on the ground. So far, the UN Security Council only passed a resolution on the conflict that is binding under international law with a humanitarian focus a few weeks ago. The UN General Assembly, on the other hand, has already called for an end to the violence twice through resolutions. However, the resolutions of this body are not binding, but rather are considered symbolic.
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