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Vaccinated people who had had Covid-19 develop stronger immune responses than those vaccinated who have not been carriers of the virus.
Data from a study published in
«Science Translational Medicine» suggest important immunological benefits of vaccination in the setting of recurrent infections.
Emerging infections with SARS-CoV-2 variants continue to occur in vaccinated individuals whose immunity is declining, as expected, but immunological characterization of these infections remains incomplete.
The team of Airis Y. Collier, from the
Universidad de Harvard (EE.UU.) took advantage of data on a large group of Covid-19 infections reported to the Massachusetts Department of Public Health after the weekend of July 4, 2021; about 74% of cases occurred in people who had been vaccinated against Covid-19 with Pfizer/BioNTech, Modern O Johnson & Johnson.
The researchers evaluated humoral and cellular immune responses in the 39 members who participated in the study.
And, to his surprise, the 16 individuals vaccinated who evaluated and had been infected by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus had greater protection against the virus. Analyzes showed that binding antibody titers were 32-fold higher and 31-fold higher neutralizing antibody titers against the delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 compared to the 23 vaccinated individuals who tested negative.
In addition, vaccinees who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 also showed higher mucosal antibody responses in nasal secretions and higher cell-specific CD8+ T-cell responses. Spike protein in peripheral blood than vaccinated people who tested negative.
These findings, say the authors, suggest that population immunity is likely to be increased over time by a combination ofe widespread vaccination and new infections.