2024-02-02 19:54:01
Artificial Intelligence (AI)Photo: JIRAROJ PRADITCHAROENKUL / Alamy / Alamy / Profimedia
During a meeting on Friday, the ambassadors of the 27 “unanimously confirmed” the political agreement concluded last December between the member states and MEPs, indicated on X (ex-Twitter) Belgium, in unison with several diplomatic sources.
Some countries, including France and Germany, raised points of concern, which were taken into account before the text was finalized, according to diplomats.
“This AI Law is a significant step, establishing the first rules on the planet aimed at artificial intelligence, to make it safer and that it respects EU fundamental rights,” the Belgian presidency said.
European Commissioner Thierry Breton, responsible for this file, welcomed a “historic, world first” regulation.
“The AI law has unleashed passions, and rightly so! Today, member states approved the December political agreement, recognizing the perfect balance struck by negotiators between innovation and security,” he said.
The European Commission presented its draft “AI Act” in April 2021. But the appearance at the end of 2022 of ChatGPT, from the Californian start-up OpenAI, capable of writing dissertations, poems or making translations in seconds, gave a new dimension and caused the discussions to accelerate.
This system, as well as those capable of creating sounds or images, revealed to the general public the immense potential of AI. But there are also certain risks: the dissemination of fake photos on social networks has alerted to the danger of manipulating opinion.
Paris and Berlin wanted European legislation to protect start-ups specializing in artificial intelligence.
In Berlin on Tuesday, German Digitalization Minister Volker Wissing was delighted that he “might achieve improvements for small and medium-sized businesses, avoid disproportionate requirements and ensure that we remain internationally competitive”.
Regarding generative artificial intelligences, those that can produce texts, sounds or images on demand, will be imposed – according to the adopted text – on everyone to ensure the quality of the data used in establishing the algorithms and to verify compliance with European copyright legislation. Developers will also need to ensure that the sounds, images and texts produced are clearly identified as artificial.
Hardened constraints will only apply to the strongest systems.
The systems considered “high risk” – respectively those in sensitive areas such as critical infrastructures, education, human resources, public order, etc. – they will be subject to a series of obligations, such as those for the car to be controlled by humans, for a technical documentation to be drawn up or for a risk management system to be set up.
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