Jupiter is the fifth and largest body in the solar system, and its weight is more than twice the mass of all other planets, according to the NASA website; Many information about the planet indicated that its stripes are cold and stormy clouds of ammonia and water, in addition to the presence of hydrogen and helium.
The Red Spot on Jupiter is a giant storm larger than Earth, and it has erupted for hundreds of years, with dozens of moons surrounded around the planet, and many faint rings made of dust unlike what is found on Saturn.
What is the story of Jupiter?
وحصل Jupiternamed after the king of the ancient Roman gods, and it has been known from the moment of its discovery that the environment of Jupiter may not be suitable, as the temperatures and materials that characterize this planet are so extreme and volatile that living organisms cannot adapt to them.
Jupiter has a diameter of 69,911 kilometers, which is 11 times larger than Earth. If Earth were the size of a nickel, Jupiter would be the size of a basketball; At an average distance of 778 million km, Jupiter is 5.2 AU from the Sun.
Jupiter has the shortest day in the solar system; One day on it takes only about 10 hours, and Jupiter makes a complete revolution around the sun in about 12 Earth years, while the equator tilts relative to its orbital path around the sun by only 3 degrees, and this means that Jupiter rotates almost vertically and does not have extreme seasons such as other planets.
Four big moons
Jupiter has 53 confirmed and 26 temporary moons, and the four largest have been observed moons Jupiter’s Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto were first discovered by the astronomer Galileo Galilei in 1610, using an innovative version of the telescope.
These four satellites are known today as the Galilean satellites, and they are one of the most amazing destinations in our solar system, with Io being the most volcanically active body in the solar system, and Ganymede being the largest moon in the solar system “bigger than Mercury.”
Callisto’s very few craters, small to a small degree of current surface activity, may have a liquid water ocean with the ingredients for life lying beneath Europe’s frigid crust, making it a tempting place to explore.
The rings of Jupiter were discovered in 1979 by NASA’s “Voyager 1” spacecraft, and it was a surprise because it consists of small, dark particles that are difficult to see except when the sun illuminates them from behind.
Data from the Galileo spacecraft suggest that Jupiter’s ring system may form from flying dust when interplanetary meteorites collide with the giant planet’s small inner moons.
Jupiter was formed when the rest of the solar system formed about 4.5 billion years ago, when gravity pulled gas and dust swirling inward to become this gas giant; Jupiter took up most of the mass left after the sun formed, and ended up with more than twice the composite matter of other bodies in the solar system.
About 4 billion years ago, Jupiter settled in its current position in the outer solar system, as it is the fifth planet from the sun.
As a gas giant, Jupiter has no real surface where the planet is mostly hovering of gases and liquids, while there is no place for a spacecraft to land on Jupiter, it will not be able to fly through it safely either, and the intense pressures and temperatures deep inside the planet It crushes, melts and vaporizes spacecraft trying to fly to the planet.