2023-11-06 23:00:00
Rappel
The RE2020 regulation came into force on January 1, 2022. It applies to all new buildings, but incrementally depending on the type of building. The threshold requirements will increase with levels in 2025, 2028 and 2030. Its main objective is to divide the energy consumption of new buildings by three compared to current constructions.
The second objective is the reduction of overall greenhouse gas emissions over the entire life cycle of the building. Finally, this regulation requires the building to be adapted to global warming by ensuring sufficient summer comfort, even during heatwaves.
BEPOS and BEPAS: definitions
The French Federation of Passive Construction defines the passive building (BEPAS) as a “very low consumption” construction which alone covers a large part of its heating needs. It is designed to capture as much solar heat as possible while avoiding overheating during summer periods. It is capable of cooling and heating with low additional energy demand. According to the German Passif Haus label, which has become the European standard, the passive building can achieve 70% of its heating needs.
The positive energy building (BEPOS) is a building whose overall energy balance is positive, that is to say that it produces more energy (thermal or electrical) than it consumes over a period of twelve months. It is often considered a panacea. But the use of excess heating (electric or thermal) is problematic and involves three major difficulties. The first concerns the storage and distribution of surplus electricity on the RTE network by several individual suppliers. The second is legal, because it will be necessary to set and regulate the transfer price of the surplus. The last difficulty is economic and arises from the second difficulty. Concerning the thermal aspect, the transfer of the surplus is even more difficult to achieve. Nowadays, there is no network that would make it possible to collect the heat and/or cold emanating from individual overproduction.
These definitions show that the BEPOS label and the BEPAS label have everything in common except the production of excess thermal or electrical energy. Taking into account, on the one hand, the commitments made by the French government to reduce its consumption of fossil energy by 30%, on the other hand the difficulties in managing the surplus energy produced, we have chosen to favor the label BEPAS in the remainder of this study. It is in harmony with the RE2020 standard which has been made mandatory since January 1, 2022.
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