2024-03-18 23:28:05
1474: The Republic of Venice is the first country to enact a patent law.
1609: After the rebellion of the Protestant aristocratic opposition, which organized itself into the so-called Horner League on October 3, 1608, the “religious capitulation” took place, i.e. the confirmation of the religious freedoms of the nobility by Archduke Matthias von Habsburg.
1639: The English East India Company acquires Madras.
1689: The Swedish ex-Queen Christine, who converted to Catholicism, dies in Rome. She is buried in the crypt of St. Peter’s Basilica.
1859: Charles Gounod’s opera “Margarethe” based on Goethe’s Faust drama premieres in Paris.
1874: Benjamin Disraeli forms a new Conservative government in Great Britain.
1914: Great Britain and Germany share contractually the concessions for the Mesopotamian oil fields of the Ottoman Empire. German banks hold 25 percent of the investment capital and British banks hold 75 percent.
1939: Spanish Civil War: The newly founded National Defense Council of the Republic under Colonel Casado denies the legitimacy of Prime Minister Negrin’s government and asks the Franco insurgents to begin negotiations.
1944: German troops invade Hungary. Hitler wanted to forestall Reich Administrator Horthy’s change of alliance. The “Sonderkommando Adolf Eichmann” made the first preparations in Budapest for the deportation of Hungarian Jews to the extermination camps in Poland.
1949: The “German People’s Council” (forerunner of the People’s Chamber) in East Berlin approves the draft constitution for the German Democratic Republic (GDR). At the same time, he proposes negotiations to the Parliamentary Council in the western zones “on a parity basis”.
1959: After the popular uprising against the Chinese occupying forces in Tibet, the 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, fled the capital Lhasa. More than a hundred thousand of his compatriots followed him into exile in India. Tens of thousands of Tibetans die in the bloody suppression of the uprising by Chinese troops.
1959: The Soviet party and government leader Khrushchev recognizes the right of the Western powers to station armed forces in West Berlin.
1959: Friedrich Dürrenmatt’s “Frank V., the Opera of a Private Bank” premieres at the Schauspielhaus Zurich.
1964: The 5.8 km long car tunnel through the Great St. Bernhard, the first road tunnel through the Alps, is opened to traffic.
1969: At the Ski World Cup, Austria achieved first place in the overall ranking. World Cup winners are Gertrud Gabl and Karl Schranz.
1994: In protest against the ban on the Kurdish Workers’ Party (PKK) in Germany, around 6,000 Kurds occupy the Munich-Stuttgart motorway.
2004: 24 young people die in the worst bus accident in Finland’s history.
2004: President Chen Shui-bian is slightly injured in an assassination attempt in Taiwan.
Birthdays: Alexei Mikhailovich Romanov, Russian Tsar (1629-1676); Joseph Haas, German composer (1879-1960); Rudolf Houses, East. Politician and trade union leader, vice-chancellor and social minister 1970-76 (1909-2000); Leonard Joseph (Lennie) Tristano, US jazz musician (1919-1978); Cornelis Berkhouwer, Dutch politician (1919-1992); Keith Allan Brueckner, US physicist (1924-2014); Herbert Rosendorfer, Eastern writer (1934-2012); Jill Abramson, US journalist; 2011-2014 Editor-in-Chief of the “New York Times” (1954).
Days of death: Carl Ritter v. Blaas, eastern history painter (1815-1894); Walter Braunfels, German composer (1882-1954); Gertrud Fussenegger, Eastern. writer (1912-2009); Leo Frank (aka Leo Maier), Austrian Crime writer and police legend (1925-2004); José Agustín Goytisolo, Spanish poet (1928-1999).
Name days: Josef Nährvater, Friedeburg, Josefa, Josefine, Markus, Andreas, Amantius, Lucelius.
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