2023-10-10 22:00:00
In 2019, excluding the Covid effect, in France, total transport expenditure amounted to 438 billion euros, or 18% of national GDP. Transport is the sector of activity that emits the most greenhouse gases with 31% of emissions.
This same year 2019, still in France, land transport of goods represented 370 billion tonne-kilometres, of which only 34 billion by rail, or 9% of traffic, 89% being carried out by road, whereas after the war rail transported 73% of French goods and even more than 40% in the 1980s.
The fall in rail traffic has now stopped and, with climate change and growing concern for the environment, rail can find a new lease of life.
Furthermore, recent years have been marked by the end of the SNCF monopoly and the opening to competition in France, like most neighboring countries. The period is also characterized by a growing role of European authorities whose incentives in favor of the environment are increasingly enshrined in law.
In this context, it is important to analyze how rail freight transport works in France, in light of what is happening in Europe and in the world. The general organization is new because it is linked to a now competitive market where new players have found their place. Technical developments have never stopped but the current phase, with the explosion of digitalization, shows the arrival of real technological revolutions likely to strengthen the advantages of the rail mode, the market of which can open up to both more of Europe, but also towards a more pronounced territorial anchoring.
Finally, through its energy frugality and its power of decarbonization, rail freight can be in a position to become a major player in green and intermodal logistics.
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