2023-11-25 11:10:27
“We have not had enough growth and we have not had social inclusion, not only that, but we have created greater inequality than there was, there is no fundamental difference in the strategy prior to the government of President López Obrador and the strategy followed by this government Even this government, with the good intention of favoring those who are socially unprotected, has multiplied the amount of resources for this informal economy that makes it, for the moment, more bearable, but that in the future is creating an enormous number of Mexicans, 60% of Mexican workers, who are going to become older adults without pensions, without social protection and without the ability to provide them themselves,” says Mexican intellectual Héctor Aguilar Camín.
The historian and writer assures this regarding the Nexos Forum “What went wrong? México 1990-2023” which between today and tomorrow will bring together analysts and thinkers such as José Casar, Ricardo Becerra, Valeria Moy, Santiago Levy, Mariana Campos, Jorge G. Castañeda, Gonzalo Hernández Licona, Jesús Silva Herzog-Márquez, Salomón Chertorivski, Gerardo Esquivel Denise Maerker and himself, at the Guadalajara International Book Fair.
The forum that is divided into three analysis tables is born from the essay “What went wrong? México 1990-2023”, by Santiago Levy and Luis Felipe López Calva, where they show that there has been a structural failure in Mexico from 1990 to 2023, which has to do with the fact that the country has not achieved economic growth with social inclusion, and much less a true state of well-being. He says that excluding public security, which is the burned sector of our public life, creating a true social welfare state is the central issue for Mexico’s future. But it is a state that cannot be seen.
“This is not in sight because it implies something that no one wants to talk about, which is a fiscal reform oriented towards that, just as Mexican society pays through its Federal government for public education, so it should pay for a social security system, health care. medical, pension and protection in all areas, unemployment insurance for all Mexicans for the fact of being Mexican,” says Aguilar Camín.
He says that this proposal is not “not even remotely” in any of the pre-candidates for the Presidency, nor that they want to propose it; Posing it well means collecting taxes, and that idea is very “anti-popular”, but it must be raised well.
“I would not recommend that any of the candidates come out with this, but I would, and this is the intention of the Forum, look at and review the problem and ask the right question, because what it is about here is that This is going to cost you 4% or 5% of the GDP and you are going to pay an enormous amount of taxes, but in exchange for that you and your entire family are going to have, like in public school, access to all the social security that the country has installed for medical care, unemployment insurance and pensions. So it will cost you dearly, yes, but you will obtain an invaluable asset that you do not have,” she points out.
Aguilar Camín insists that the essay by Levy and López Calva shows that it is a complicated issue, but urgent in the face of the 60% of Mexicans who in a few years will be facing retirement, “yes, it is a complicated issue, yes, but it is the heart of one of the great structural problems of Mexico, and this is neither left nor right, this is a floor that countries need to be able to grow, develop and become, which I think is what we all want from Mexico, a democratic country, a “prosperous country and an equitable country.”
The intellectual affirms that it is very worth thinking about it in a different way and thinking about it in a more structural, more universal way and that it can be the basis for an improvement in productivity and therefore the generation of wealth in conditions of social inclusion and protection. social for all.
He points out that in this six-year term the strategy of giving money and resources to the informal part of the economy has increased, and although no one can be against people receiving what they receive, the problem is that this prolongs the structural schizophrenia of the economy that will create in the future a country with millions and millions of older adults without any protection, because they will not be able to afford what they are given.
“It will not be enough for them with what they have been given before or with what they are given now, and if the country continues to grow mediocre, and let’s not forget that in this six-year term the country will end 2024 having grown on average 0 or 0.1 or 0.5, very little, nor will the State, with a slow economy, have enough taxes and resources to continue financing these social programs,” says Aguilar Camín.
The editor and director of Nexos talks about the political use that they are giving to social programs in this six-year term. “We are seeing the political use, I don’t think there has been a government that has stated with greater impudence or with greater clarity that it is going to use this for electoral issues.”
Given this, Aguilar Camín insists on the spirit in which the essay “What failed? Mexico 1990-2023″, which motivates this discussion that will be held at the FIL in Guadalajara, “the spirit is that it can really be put on the agenda of the next government, whoever wins, as a point of serious reflection, at least of serious debate, about redirecting all the resources that are dedicated today to social programs and the maintenance of social protection institutions of the formal economy, if all of this together can be put at the service of a state of universal social welfare and in any case see how much What is missing is to complete the project and offer it as a universal public good to the generations of Mexicans who come.”
The intellectual points out that it is a structural issue and it is a long and historical design error of the country that has led to two large “schizophrenic” parts: the formal economy that pays taxes and the informal economy that evades them, but that is where the 60 % of the Mexican population. “It has been the same mistake, with many nuances, but basically it is the same mistake that all neoliberalism and the entire Fourth Transformation have made, in that it has not changed. In that they have not been different.”
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