2023-08-21 19:36:13
The launch in November of the chatbot ChatGPT, considered a revolution in the use of AI, has created many fears about the transformation of the world of work and its impact on employment.
But a new study from the United Nations’ International Labor Organization (ILO) examining the potential effect of these artificial intelligence platforms, suggests that most jobs and industries are only partially exposed to automation. .
AI “will support rather than replace certain activities,” says the ILO.
“Thus the first consequence of this new technology is unlikely to be job destruction, but rather potential changes in job quality, including work intensity and autonomy,” the study reveals.
The study also points out that the effects of this new technology vary considerably according to professions and areas, with women being more likely than men to see their work affected.
Administrative work in offices turns out to be the category most exposed to artificial intelligence technologies with almost a quarter of the tasks considered to be very exposed and more than half presenting an average level of exposure.
Among managers and technicians, only a small portion of jobs will be impacted by AI, while around a quarter have average levels of exposure, according to the ILO.
The report indicates that high-income countries would experience the greatest effects of automation due to the large share of clerical jobs in particular.
It found that 5.5% of total employment in high-income countries was potentially exposed to the automation effects of generative AI, while only 0.4% of employment in low-income countries were.
At the same time, the study pointed out that the share of employment potentially affected by automation was more than twice as high for women as for men, due to the overrepresentation of women in office work. , especially in high- and middle-income countries.
While this study shows significant differences between rich and poor countries, it finds that the potential number of jobs created by AI is virtually the same in all countries.
This suggests that “with the right policies in place, this new wave of technological transformation could deliver significant benefits to developing countries,” the ILO said.
Countries will therefore need to design policies to support “orderly, equitable and consultative” change, the study authors said.
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