2024-04-16 11:53:01
Tuesday, 16 April 2024 14:52:57
What is antifreeze, what function does it perform in a car, and how does it differ from antifreeze. Experts from the Autonews portal answered these questions.
So, antifreeze is a coolant for internal combustion engines, which was developed in the USSR in the late 1960s. The word “Tosol” was originally written as “TOSol”, which comes from “organic synthesis technology” with the addition of “-ol”, characteristic of the names of alcohols, for example, ethanol or methanol. Antifreeze contains ethylene glycolthanks to which the working fluid does not freeze at low temperatures, unlike water, which was previously used in the cooling system.
First of all Antifreeze is necessary to remove excess heat from the engine to the radiator. It also serves as a coolant for the heating system of the car interior. Antifreeze is functionally similar to modern antifreeze, although these products are not interchangeable.
The most famous modification of antifreeze is Oil AM40 – this modification is the last one released (1970) and the most common to this day. The abbreviation “AM” stands for “Automotive Modified”. This version has improved characteristics compared to the basic Tosol-A40 and complies with GOST 28084–89.
Main technical parameters include:
- Boiling point: not less than 100 degrees Celsius.
- Freezing temperature: no higher than -40 degrees Celsius.
- Rubber swelling: no more than 5%.
On the market, many manufacturers of technical fluids use the Tosol brand, but the actual characteristics of the product may not correspond to the declared ones. To clarify the properties of a specific product, it is recommended access test data.
Separately worth noting Oil-AM65 is a coolant intended for special equipment in the Far North, with a freezing point of -65 degrees Celsius. It is practically not used in civilian equipment due to its high price and redundant characteristics. In the USSR, this liquid was supplied to northern motor depots on a limited basis.
How is antifreeze different from antifreeze?
The term “antifreeze” (from the English antifreeze, which literally translates as “antifreeze”), just like antifreeze, has become a household name. And, despite the fact that antifreeze, in fact, it is a subspecies of itit is generally accepted that antifreeze – a more modern group of coolants. The names of automotive antifreezes use the letter G, for example, G11, G12, etc.
Despite the fact that both antifreeze and antifreezes from G11 to G12++ are based on ethylene glycol, they additive composition varies greatly. The most advanced antifreezes, such as G13, are already used in the base propylene glycol. This means that using outdated antifreeze in the cooling system of a modern car will quickly lead to its failure.
The main differences between antifreeze and antifreeze are as follows:
Anti-corrosion, anti-foaming and other protective properties. Antifreeze was not originally intended to protect the cooling system, while antifreeze not only removes heat, but also protects radiators, pipes, pumps and other elements from corrosion and various influences.
Boiling temperature. Modern coolants have a boiling point of about 115–120 degrees, while for antifreeze this temperature is about 100–110 degrees. These data are relevant when the fluid is operating under pressure in the cooling system, usually about 1–2 bar.
Thermal conductivity. The only parameter where antifreeze is superior to antifreeze is due to the absence of protective additives in its composition, which create a film on the surface of contact of the liquid with system parts, which ensures more efficient heat removal.
Life time. Classic antifreeze loses its properties after a run of 50–80 thousand kilometers or, after approximately 3 years of operation. Modern antifreeze is often filled in for the entire service life of the car, which can reach up to 250 thousand kilometers. Of course, even “eternal” antifreeze for preventive purposes is recommended to be changed at intervals of 100–150 thousand km or 5–7 years, but even with this approach, the stability of the properties of antifreeze and antifreeze is not comparable.
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