The United States, known for its safe public water systems, is facing new concerns about the quality of drinking water, according to a recent report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The report reveals that between 2015 and 2020, more than 200 outbreaks of intestine-related diseases were associated with drinking water in over two dozen states, resulting in thousands of illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths. The CDC identifies biofilms, slimy coatings formed by groups of waterborne germs, as a major contributing factor to these outbreaks.
The leading cause of these outbreaks is Legionella bacteria, commonly found in biofilms. Legionella was responsible for 37% of illnesses, 97% of hospitalizations, and 98% of deaths outlined in the report. Legionella can cause a serious lung infection called Legionnaires’ disease, which can be fatal for some individuals. Other pathogens like norovirus, Shigella, and Campylobacter were also implicated in some outbreaks.
The report highlights several states that reported the most outbreaks during the five-year period. Florida, Illinois, Maryland, and Georgia had the highest number of cases, all of which were Legionella-related. However, it’s important to note that not all states reported cases each year to the CDC’s National Outbreak Reporting System.
Factors contributing to these outbreaks include aging plumbing components, deficiencies in home water treatment, and contamination during plumbing construction or repair. The CDC emphasizes the need for improved water surveillance, prevention, and outbreak response programs to address these issues effectively.
In light of these concerns, it is crucial for individuals to take precautions when it comes to drinking water. While public water systems are regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), germs can still enter the water we use for various activities. The CDC advises boiling water for 1-3 minutes and letting it cool before use, using a water filter labeled as “NSF 53” or “NSF 58,” purchasing distilled or sterile water for specific purposes like sinus flushing, regularly flushing faucets and showerheads, and maintaining and cleaning appliances that use water.
Looking ahead, it is essential for the water industry to invest in improved infrastructure, surveillance systems, and preventative measures to ensure the safety and quality of public drinking water. Emerging trends and technologies, such as advanced water treatment methods and smart monitoring systems, can play a significant role in preventing waterborne illnesses and protecting public health.
In addition to addressing the immediate concerns highlighted by the CDC report, the water industry should also keep an eye on emerging challenges, such as climate change and population growth, which can impact water availability and quality. These trends call for proactive measures, including water conservation, sustainable water