2023-10-05 22:29:08
1683: The first German American settlers arrive in Philadelphia. Thirteen Mennonite families from Krefeld founded “Germantown”, the first German settlement in North America.
1848: The third general uprising (“October Revolution”, until October 31st) breaks out in Vienna with bloody barricade battles. Some troops show solidarity with the population. The War Ministry is stormed and the minister, Count Theodor Baillet de Latour, is lynched (hanged from a lantern) while trying to escape undetected.
1908: On Crete, the unification of the Mediterranean island, which has been autonomous since 1898 (as part of the Ottoman Empire), with the Kingdom of Greece is decided.
1913: Marshal Yuan Shikai, the former commander-in-chief of the imperial army, has himself proclaimed President of the Republic of China (proclaimed by Sun Yat-sen in 1912).
1918: Croats, Serbs and Slovenes from the Austro-Hungarian Empire form their own National Council in Agram (Zagreb).
1918: Because of the “Spanish flu”, which causes numerous deaths, all schools in Vienna are closed.
1938: After Prague was weakened by the Munich Agreement imposed on Czechoslovakia and the separation of the Sudeten regions, the nationalist prelate Jozef Tiso formed an autonomous Slovak government in Pressburg.
1948: At the opening of the Paris Motor Show, the Citroen 2 CV (later called “Duck”) is presented to the public.
1953: The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) is elevated to the status of a permanent organization of the UN by decision of the UN General Assembly.
1973: The fourth Middle East war (Yom Kippur War) breaks out on the Jewish Festival of Atonement. The Egyptians are attacking the occupied Sinai Peninsula and the Syrians are attacking the Golan Heights.
1978: The French government grants political asylum to the radical Shiite leader Ayatollah Khomeini, who fights the Shah’s regime in Iran.
1988: After weeks of protests by hundreds of thousands of Serbs, the entire communist party leadership of the autonomous province of Vojvodina resigned.
1993: Benazir Bhutto, daughter of the deposed and executed Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, and her People’s Party (PPP) emerged victorious from the parliamentary elections in Pakistan.
1998: The European Parliament is withdrawing the parliamentary immunity of the head of the right-wing extremist French “National Front” (FN), Jean-Marie Le Pen, after proceedings for sedition and Holocaust denial were opened against him in Germany.
2008: The US confectionery company Mars is taking over the chewing gum manufacturer Wrigley. This makes Mars the largest confectionery producer in the world.
2018: A picture by street artist Banksy shreds himself at an auction shortly after it was knocked down for around one million pounds (around 1.2 million euros). The artist committed to the action the next day at Sotheby’s in London a shredder hidden in the picture frame, which only partially destroys “Girl with Balloon”. The buyer wants to keep the work – according to experts, its value has doubled as a result of the campaign.
Birthdays: Louis-Philippe of Orleans, King of France (“Citizen King”) 1830-48 (1773-1850); Hans Brockhaus, German publisher (1888-1965); Roland Garros, French aviation pioneer (1888-1918); Carole Lombard, US actress (1908-1942); Sammy Price, US jazz pianist (1908-1992); Yaşar Kemal, Turkish writer (1923-2015); Louis Begley (actual companion), American. Writer (1933); Friedhelm Frischenschlager, Eastern. Politician (1943); Gerry Adams, Northern Irish Politician; Chairman of Sinn Fein since 1983 (1948); Elisabeth Shue, US film actress (1963).
Days of death: Theodor Count Baillet de Latour, Eastern. Officer and politician, Minister of War (1780-1848); Montserrat Caballé, Spanish soprano (1933-2018).
Name days: Bruno, Renatus, Adalbero, Friederike, René, Baldwin, Fides, Konrad, Maria-Nicola, Thomas.
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