2023-08-12 03:28:00
Last May 1st was the new anniversary of that May 1st, 1853 that in the city of Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz the representatives of thirteen provincial states gathered there, as agreed in the Buenos Aires city of San Nicolás de los Arroyos, By instrument of May 31, 1852, they will sanction the text of our Major Law.
Such an important remembrance was not commemorated according to its great concretion, despite the fact that Law 25,863 so requires. of December 4, 2003, which establishes May 1 as “National Constitution Day”
I must add that on that occasion the representatives of the State of Buenos Aires would not do so, whose political authorities, dissatisfied with the terms of the aforementioned document and by will reaffirmed with the Buenos Aires revolution of September 11, 1852, entered into a state of secession with respect to to the Argentine Confederation.
Completing the presentation table, let us say that the National Constituent Convention began its formal sessions on November 21, 1852, when it undertook the task of nominating its authorities and the Constitutional Business Commission, this group that would be in charge of making of the text that would be submitted to the plenary for discussion and approval.
The representatives assigned to this task immediately went to work, completing their work months later, putting the draft of the text to the consideration of his colleagues on April 18, 1853, deciding that it would be a reason for analysis in the enclosure from the following day 20.
That day a crucial and ardent discussion took place, which makes that day the most important and decisive of the conclave.
On the aforementioned occasion, there was a debate, neither more nor less, regarding the advisability of sanctioning or not the National Constitution, given the controversial moments of internal politics that our new Nation was going through at the same time, Needless to say, the controversy was generated by the absence of the State of Buenos Aires in the constituent conclave.
At the time, two antagonistic positions came together: the so-called conservative made up of Zuviría, Centeno, Leiva and Pérez and others, who, in a tight synthesis, considered that the conditions for the issuance of the primary norm were not met in the country, in contrast to it. the liberal call was raised, in which Gorostiaga, Seguí, Gutiérrez, Zapata, and Huergo were grouped -among others-who advocated that the dictation of that one would be decisive to calm the internal fights at the same time that it would be an example of order and organizational capacity.
It is useless to recall that the last mentioned position won.
Nor were the days of the following days 21 and 24 easy, in which freedom of worship was debated.
After the study and discussion of the rest of the text was exhausted, it was approved on May 1, 1853, the date of sanction of our Major Law, thus fulfilling the desire of Justo José de Urquiza, that such date coincide with the issuance of the Entre Ríos decree. of reassumption of powers of 1851.
On May 25, 1853, the Executive Power issued the decree promulgating the sanctioned text of the National Constitution, ordering his oath throughout the country (1) on July 9 of that same year, honoring, in such a way, the date of establishment of the First Patriotic Government Junta and the dictation of our National Independence.
Although it took nine years for the State of Buenos Aires to return to the Confederation and, thus, all Argentines would remain under the protection of a single Major Law, We must not stop honoring with our respectful memory the sanction of our National Constitution.
* President of the Center for Constitutional Studies of Comahue. Member of the Board of Historical Studies of Neuquén.
1) With the obvious exception of the State of Buenos Aires, in a state of secession with respect to the Argentine Confederation.
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